Activation of the Extracytoplasmic Function σ Factor σ^V in Clostridioides difficile Requires Regulated Intramembrane Proteolysis of the Anti-σ Factor RsiV.

ABSTRACT: Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile is one of the leading causes of nosocomial diarrhea. Lysozyme is a common host defense against many pathogenic bacteria. C. difficile exhibits high levels of lysozyme resistance, which is due in part to the extracytoplasmic functioning (ECF) σ factor, σ^V. It has been previously demonstrated that genes regulated by σ^V are responsible for peptidoglycan modifications that provide C. difficile with high lysozyme resistance. σ^V is not unique to C. difficile however, and its role in lysozyme resistance and its mechanism of activation has been well characterized in Bacillus subtilis where the anti-σ, RsiV, sequesters σ^V until lysozyme directly binds to RsiV, activating σ^V. However, it remains unclear if

SUBMITTER: Pannullo AG 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9044953 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature