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Sophora interrupta Bedd. root-derived flavonoids as prominent antiviral agents against Newcastle disease virus.

ABSTRACT: The discovery and development of novel antiviral drugs from natural sources is continuously increasing due to limitations of currently available drugs such as toxic side effects, drug residue risk factors, high costs, and poor therapeutic strategies. Also, there are very few known antiviral drugs that are effective against only specific viruses. Hence, the present study is intended to isolate and characterize potent antiviral compounds from the methanolic root extract of Sophora interrupta Bedd. against avian paramyxovirus, Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and to distinguish the molecular basis of antiviral compounds. The two isolated flavonoids, maackiain (SR-1) and echinoisoflavanone (SR-2) exhibited the best antiviral activities against NDV infection in chicken embryo fibroblast cell lines compared to the standard antiviral drug, Ribavirin. Further, the in vitro studies and quantitative PCR analysis suggests that these flavonoids inhibit the viral entry, replication, and transcription, which may be beneficial as a promising strategy for the treatment of viral infections. Besides, the molecular docking studies of SR-1 and SR-2 exhibited high binding affinities of -7.6 and -8.0 kcal mol^-1, respectively, and marked interactions with the NDV surface glycoprotein, hemagglutinin neuraminidase (HN). Also, the in silico toxicity properties as well pharmacokinetic studies of isolates revealed them as pharmacologically potent antiviral compounds.

SUBMITTER: Bhuvaneswar C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9056705 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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<i>Sophora interrupta</i> Bedd. root-derived flavonoids as prominent antiviral agents against Newcastle disease virus.

Bhuvaneswar Cherukupalle C Rammohan Aluru A Bhaskar Baki Vijaya BV Babu Pappithi Ramesh PR Naveen Gujjar G Gunasekar Duvvuru D Madhuri Subbiah S Reddanna Pallu P Rajendra Wudayagiri W

RSC advances 20200910 55

The discovery and development of novel antiviral drugs from natural sources is continuously increasing due to limitations of currently available drugs such as toxic side effects, drug residue risk factors, high costs, and poor therapeutic strategies. Also, there are very few known antiviral drugs that are effective against only specific viruses. Hence, the present study is intended to isolate and characterize potent antiviral compounds from the methanolic root extract of <i>Sophora interrupta</i ...[more]

PMID: 35515074

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Project description:BackgroundSophora belongs to the family of Fabaceae and the species in this genus are currently used as a folklore medicine for preventing a variety of ailments including cancer. Our aim was to identify and validate an anticancer compound from Sophora interrupta using multi-spectroscopic, anticancer screening, and molecular docking approach.MethodsThe cytotoxicity of the various solvent extracts, petroleum ether, n-butanol, and ethyl acetate (EtOAc) of the S. interrupta root powder was evaluated in a breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7). The extract that had anticancer activity was subjected to column chromatography based on the polarity of the solvents. The anticancer activity of the elution fractions was validated using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. The isolated metabolite fraction with anticancer activity was run through a C18 column isocratic and gradient high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The structure of the isolated compound was characterized using (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), (13)C-NMR, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometer methods.ResultsThe crude EtAOc extract effectively inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7 cells. The column eluted chloroform and EtOAc (4:6) fraction of the EtOAc extract showed significant anticancer activity in the MCF-7 cells compared with normal mesenchymal stem cells. This fraction showed three major peaks in the HPLC chromatogram and the first major peak with a retention time (RT) of 7.153 was purified using preparative-HPLC. The structure of the compound is a piceatannol, which is a metabolic product of resveratrol. Piceatannol formed direct two hydrogen bond interactions between Cys912 (2H), and Glu878 of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1) with a glide-score (G-score) of -10.193, and two hydrogen bond interactions between Cys919, and Asp1046 of VEGFR2, with a G-score of -8.359. The structure is similar to that of the crystallized protein for VEGFR1 and R2.ConclusionsPiceatannol is a secondary metabolite of S. interrupta that has anticancer activity. Moreover, piceatannol has been isolated for the first time from S. interrupta.

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Sophora interrupta Bedd. root-derived flavonoids as prominent antiviral agents against Newcastle disease virus.

Publications

<i>Sophora interrupta</i> Bedd. root-derived flavonoids as prominent antiviral agents against Newcastle disease virus.

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