Immune escape mechanisms and therapeutic approaches in cancer: the cancer-immunity cycle.

ABSTRACT: The introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors has changed the therapeutic possibilities for various cancer types. However, despite the success in some entities, a significant fraction of patients does not respond to immune checkpoint inhibitors. A functioning cancer-immunity cycle is needed as the precondition for a clinically meaningful response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. It is assumed that only if each step of the cycle is activated and functioning properly, immune checkpoint inhibitors induce a meaningful immune response. However, an activated cancer-immunity cycle might not be present equally in each patient and cancer type. Ideally, treatment concepts should consider each single step of the cancer-immunity cycle and provide personalized treatment approaches, allowing the adap

SUBMITTER: Starzer AM 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9058458 | biostudies-literature | 2022

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature