Computational elucidation of the reaction mechanism for synthesis of pyrrolidinedione derivatives via Nef-type rearrangement - cyclization reaction.
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ABSTRACT: This paper reports a quantum chemical study of all stages of a one-pot synthesis of pyrrolidinedione derivatives from nitromethane and coumarin, which includes Michael addition, migration of an oxygen atom (Nef-type rearrangement), and cyclization to a pyrrolidine ring. The energy barrier of deprotonated nitromethane addition to coumarin is 21.7 kJ mol-1, while the barrier of proton transfer from the methylene to the nitro group in the nitromethyl group is notably higher, 197.8 kJ mol-1. The second stage of the reaction, migration of an oxygen atom within the nitromethyl group, occurs with lowest energy barrier, 142.4 kJ mol-1, when it is assisted by an additional water molecule. The last stage - cyclization, passes with a very low energy barrier of 11.9 kJ mol-1 but the tautomerization of the nitrosohydroxymethyl group to the hydroxy-N-hydroxyiminomethyl, necessary for the process, has an energy barrier of 178.4 kJ mol-1. Analogous calculations for the same process with the ethyl ester of 3-coumarin-carboxylic acid as substrate show that the relative energies of the intermediates and transition states are by at most 10-16 kJ mol-1 more stable than the corresponding structures with coumarin.
SUBMITTER: Ilieva ED
PROVIDER: S-EPMC9077586 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jan
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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