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Adsorption characteristics of Cd(ii) in aqueous solutions using spent mushroom substrate biochars produced at different pyrolysis temperatures.

ABSTRACT: To effectively remove Cd from water, biochars were produced by pyrolyzing surplus agricultural wastes of spent mushroom substrate (SMS) at 300, 500, and 700 °C. The biochars were characterized, and their Cd(ii) removal ratios and adsorption capacities in aqueous solutions were evaluated. The physical and chemical properties of the biochars were significantly affected by increasing the pyrolysis temperature; the data indicated that the ash content, pH and specific surface area of the biochars increased, whereas the yield and contents of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen decreased. In addition, the molar ratios of H/C, O/C and (O + N)/C decreased, which implied that the biochars became more aromatic and carbonaceous with a lower polarity and fewer oxygen-based functional groups. The pseudo-second-order kinetics model and Langmuir and Temkin isotherm models described the Cd(ii) adsorption better than the other tested models. The biochars derived at higher pyrolysis temperatures had higher adsorption capacities, and the maximum adsorption capacities for PC700 and SC700 were 71.49 and 46.87 mg g^-1, respectively. The Q _m values in our study were equivalent to or even higher than those for other modified biochars. This result shows that the biochars in this study are effective adsorbents for Cd(ii) removal from wastewater.

SUBMITTER: Xian Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9084324 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Adsorption characteristics of Cd(ii) in aqueous solutions using spent mushroom substrate biochars produced at different pyrolysis temperatures.

Xian Yang Y Wu Jun J Yang Gang G Liao Ruiting R Zhang Xiaohong X Peng Hong H Yu Xiaoyu X Shen Fei F Li Li L Wang Lilin L

RSC advances 20180806 49

To effectively remove Cd from water, biochars were produced by pyrolyzing surplus agricultural wastes of spent mushroom substrate (SMS) at 300, 500, and 700 °C. The biochars were characterized, and their Cd(ii) removal ratios and adsorption capacities in aqueous solutions were evaluated. The physical and chemical properties of the biochars were significantly affected by increasing the pyrolysis temperature; the data indicated that the ash content, pH and specific surface area of the biochars inc ...[more]

PMID: 35542729

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Project description:Cadmium is one of the most hazardous heavy metal contaminants, and it is usually abundant in the wastewater released from paint and pigment industries. Such effluents urgently need to be treated before their proper reuse for various industrial and agricultural purposes. Therefore, in this study, the process of Cd(ii) ion adsorption from waste aqueous-solutions was investigated using polystyrene (PS), ethanolamine-modified polystyrene (EA-PS), and chromium hydroxide-impregnated ethanolamine-modified polystyrene (Cr@EA-PS) as new effective sorbents. The structural and textual properties as well as the surface charges and particle sizes of the prepared sorbents were examined using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), N2 adsorption-desorption surface area analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and zeta potential analysis. Herein, correlations between different features of the three adsorbents and their impacts on adsorption efficiency were extensively investigated. Adsorption kinetics and isotherm studies were also conducted to evaluate the sorption mechanisms and the achieved capacities of the presented adsorbents. Results showed that surface functionalization with ethanol amine particles significantly improved adsorption capacity owing to the introduction of amino groups, providing further interactions with heavy metal species. Moreover, the subsequent impregnation of Cr(OH)3 into the EA-PS structure could successively enhance surface properties and porosity, leading to observation of the highest adsorption capacity (13.6 mg g-1 for Cr@EA-PS). Such increased adsorption capacity is nearly 10-fold higher than the reported capacity of PS. Kinetic studies revealed that the adsorption process followed a pseudo-second-order model, indicating chemisorption as the primary adsorption mechanism. Isotherm analysis confirmed a favorable monolayer adsorption process exhibited by the three structures. The combination of chemical bonding and physical adsorption mechanisms was observed for Cr@EA-PS, explaining its performance superiority in removing Cd(ii) ions. Thus, the inorganic-organic composite exhibits the highest potential among the three introduced sorbents for practical applications in the field of wastewater treatment.

Dataset Information

Adsorption characteristics of Cd(ii) in aqueous solutions using spent mushroom substrate biochars produced at different pyrolysis temperatures.

Publications

Adsorption characteristics of Cd(ii) in aqueous solutions using spent mushroom substrate biochars produced at different pyrolysis temperatures.

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