Histone Modifications, Internucleosome Dynamics, and DNA Stresses: How They Cooperate to "Functionalize" Nucleosomes.

ABSTRACT: Tight packaging of DNA in chromatin severely constrains DNA accessibility and dynamics. In contrast, nucleosomes in active chromatin state are highly flexible, can exchange their histones, and are virtually "transparent" to RNA polymerases, which transcribe through gene bodies at rates comparable to that of naked DNA. Defining mechanisms that revert nucleosome repression, in addition to their value for basic science, is of key importance for the diagnosis and treatment of genetic diseases. Chromatin activity is largely regulated by histone posttranslational modifications, ranging from small chemical groups up to the yet understudied "bulky" ubiquitylation and sumoylation. However, it is to be revealed how histone marks are "translated" to permissive or repressive changes in nucleosomes: it

SUBMITTER: Krajewski WA 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9096104 | biostudies-literature | 2022

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature