Dataset Information

Prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 after one year of pandemic in Jakarta and neighbouring areas, Indonesia: A single center study.

ABSTRACT: We determined the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in Jakarta and neighboring areas, Indonesia from March 2020 to February 2021, based on nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal (NP/OP) swab specimens that were tested at the Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jakarta. NP/OP swab specimens were collected from COVID-19 suspects or individuals in contact tracing programs from primary healthcare centers (PHC) and hospitals. The specimens were screened for the SARS-CoV-2 by qRT-PCR. Demography data and clinical symptoms were collected using national standardized laboratory form. Of 64,364 specimens, 10,130 (15.7%) were confirmed positive for SARS-CoV-2, with the peak prevalence of infection in March 2020 (26.3%) follow by in January 2021 (23.9%) and February 2021 (21.8%). We found that the positivity rate of the specimens from Jakarta, West Java, and Banten was 16.3%, 13.3%, and 16.8%, respectively. Positivity rate was higher in specimens from hospitals (16.9%) than PHC (9.4%). Of the positive specimens, 29.6% were from individuals aged >60 years old, followed by individuals aged 41-60 years old (24.2%). Among symptomatic cases of SARS-CoV-2, the most common symptoms were cough, fever, and a combination of both cough & fever. In conclusion, this study illustrates the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics from one COVID-19 diagnostic center in Jakarta and neighbouring areas in Indonesia.

SUBMITTER: Setiadi W

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9098020 | biostudies-literature | 2022

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 after one year of pandemic in Jakarta and neighbouring areas, Indonesia: A single center study.

Setiadi Wuryantari W Rozi Ismail Ekoprayitno IE Safari Dodi D Daningrat Wa Ode Dwi WOD Johar Edison E Yohan Benediktus B Yudhaputri Frilasita Aisyah FA Lestari Karina Dian KD Oktavianthi Sukma S Myint Khin Saw Aye KSA Malik Safarina G SG Soebandrio Amin A

PloS one 20220512 5

We determined the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in Jakarta and neighboring areas, Indonesia from March 2020 to February 2021, based on nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal (NP/OP) swab specimens that were tested at the Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jakarta. NP/OP swab specimens were collected from COVID-19 suspects or individuals in contact tracing programs from primary healthcare centers (PHC) and hospitals. The specimens were screened for the SARS-CoV-2 by qRT-P ...[more]

PMID: 35550635

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Project description:BackgroundThe COVID-19 disease has overwhelmed and disrupted healthcare services worldwide, particularly healthcare workers (HCW). HCW are essential workers performing any job in a healthcare setting who are potentially directly or indirectly exposed to infectious materials. Our retrospective cohort study aimed to determine the prevalence of COVID-19 infections among HCW in Jakarta and neighbouring areas during the first three months of the pandemic.MethodsNasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swab specimens from HCW working at private and public hospitals in Jakarta and neighbouring areas were screened for SARS-CoV-2 between March and May 2020. Data on demography, clinical symptoms, contact history, and personal protective equipment (PPE) use were collected using standardised forms.ResultsAmong 1201 specimens, 7.9% were confirmed positive for SARS-CoV-2 with the majority coming from medical doctors (48.4%) and nurses (44.2%). 64.2% of the positive cases reported to have contact with suspect/confirmed COVID-19 cases, including 32 (52.2%) with patient and 3 (6.6%) with co-worker. The symptomatic HCW had a significantly lower median Ct value as compared to their asymptomatic counterpart (p < .001). Tendency to have a higher prevalence of pneumonia was observed in the age group of 40 - 49 and ≥50 years old.ConclusionOur findings highlighted the necessity to implement proper preventive and surveillance strategies for this high-risk population including adherence to strict PPE protocol and appropriate training.Key MessageHealthcare workers (HCW), defined as those handling any job in a healthcare setting, are at the frontline of risk of infection as SARS-CoV-2 is easily transmitted through airborne droplets and direct contact with contaminated surfaces. The aim of our study is to attain a more comprehensive and accurate picture of the impact of COVID-19 on HCW during the earlier phase of the outbreak in Indonesia to develop effective strategies that protect the health and safety of this workforce. Our findings highlighted that COVID-19 infections in HCW were mostly acquired in healthcare settings, with significant consequences of pneumonia and hospitalisation occurring across all age groups.

Project description:IntroductionCreating a safe living environment involves using healthy and sustainable building materials. Humans are exposed to natural radionuclides, such as 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K decay series, found in building materials that pose a radiological hazard. This study is aimed to investigate the radionuclides content of building materials used in Jakarta and its surrounding areas. The computer code RESRAD-BUILD was used to calculate the annual effective dose received by an adult living in a typical room constructed with the studied building materials.MethodsSamples such as sand, cement, bricks, and Autoclaved Aerated Concrete (AAC) were collected. The 222Rn surface exhalation rate was determined using the closed chamber method using RAD7, while the activity concentration of natural radionuclide was measured using a gamma spectrometer.Results and discussionThe 222Rn surface exhalation rate varies from 4 × 10-2 to 1.6 × 100 mBq m-2 s-1 with an average of 4 × 10-1 mBq m-2 s-1. The average 222Rn exhalation rate of the building materials studied was much lower than the global average value of 1.6 × 101 mBq m-2 s-1. The average activity concentration values of 232Th (21 Bq kg-1) and 40K (217 Bq kg-1) in all building materials studied are lower than the global average values of 45 and 412 Bq kg-1. In comparison, the average activity concentration of 226Ra (34 Bq kg-1) is similar to the global average value of 32 Bq kg-1. Furthermore, the assessed radiological hazard from the measured building material has an average activity index of 0.3, while the RESRAD-BUILD estimated total annual effective dose for a typical house constructed using a mixture of the building materials was 0.11 mSv, in which indoor 222Rn alone represents 92% of the total. From the assessment results, the building materials in Jakarta and its surrounding areas do not pose significant concerns regarding radiological hazards. However, the higher contribution of 222Rn suggests the need for a large-scale indoor 222Rn survey in the study area.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Approximately 70% of the global burden of dengue disease occurs on the Asian continent, where many large urban centres provide optimal environments for sustained endemic transmission and periodic epidemic cycles. Jakarta, the capital of Indonesia, is a densely populated megacity with hyperendemic dengue transmission. Characterization of the spatiotemporal distribution of dengue transmission intensity is of key importance for optimal implementation of novel control and prevention programmes, including vaccination. In this paper we use mathematical models to provide the first detailed description of spatial and temporal variability in dengue transmission intensity in Jakarta. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:We applied catalytic models in a Bayesian framework to age-stratified dengue case notification data to estimate dengue force of infection and reporting probabilities in 42 subdistricts of Jakarta. The model was fitted to yearly and average annual data covering a 10-year period between 2008 and 2017. We estimated a long-term average annual transmission intensity of 0.130 (95%CrI: 0.129-0.131) per year in Jakarta province, ranging from 0.090 (95%CrI: 0.077-0.103) to 0.164 (95%CrI: 0.153-0.174) across subdistricts. Annual average transmission intensity in Jakarta province during the 10-year period ranged from 0.012 (95%CrI: 0.011-0.013) in 2017 to 0.124 (95%CrI: 0.121-0.128) in 2016. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE:While the absolute number of dengue case notifications cannot be relied upon as a measure of endemicity, the age-distribution of reported dengue cases provides valuable insights into the underlying nature of transmission. Our estimates from yearly and average annual case notification data represent the first detailed estimates of dengue transmission intensity in Jakarta's subdistricts. These will be important to consider when assessing the population-level impact and cost-effectiveness of potential control and prevention programmes in Jakarta province, such as the controlled release of Wolbachia-carrying mosquitoes and vaccination.

Dataset Information

Prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 after one year of pandemic in Jakarta and neighbouring areas, Indonesia: A single center study.

Publications

Prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 after one year of pandemic in Jakarta and neighbouring areas, Indonesia: A single center study.

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