Relative contributions of sex hormones, sex chromosomes, and gonads to sex differences in tissue gene regulation.

ABSTRACT: Sex differences in physiology and disease in mammals result from the effects of three classes of factors that are inherently unequal in males and females: reversible (activational) effects of gonadal hormones, permanent (organizational) effects of gonadal hormones, and cell-autonomous effects of sex chromosomes, as well as genes driven by these classes of factors. Often, these factors act together to cause sex differences in specific phenotypes, but the relative contribution of each and the interactions among them remain unclear. Here, we used the four core genotypes (FCG) mouse model with or without hormone replacement to distinguish the effects of each class of sex-biasing factors on transcriptome regulation in liver and adipose tissues. We found that the activational hormone levels have

SUBMITTER: Blencowe M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9104702 | biostudies-literature | 2022 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature