Dataset Information

Distinguishing carbon gains from photosynthesis and heterotrophy in C3-hemiparasite-C3-host pairs.

ABSTRACT:

Background and aims

Previous carbon stable isotope (13C) analyses have shown for very few C3-hemiparasites utilizing C4- or CAM-hosts the use of two carbon sources, autotrophy and heterotrophy. This 13C approach, however, failed for the frequently occurring C3-C3 parasite-host pairs. Thus, we used hydrogen stable isotope (2H) natural abundances as a substitute for 13C within a C3-Orobanchaceae sequence graded by haustoria complexity and C3-Santalaceae.

Methods

Parasitic plants and their real or potential host plants as references were collected in Central European lowland and alpine mountain meadows and forests. Parasitic plants included the xylem-feeding holoparasite Lathraea squamaria parasitizing on the same carbon nutrient source (xylem-transported organic carbon compounds) as potentially Pedicularis, Rhinanthus, Bartsia, Melampyrum and Euphrasia hemiparasites. Reference plants were used for an autotrophy-only isotope baseline. A multi-element stable isotope natural abundance approach was applied.

Key results

Species-specific heterotrophic carbon gain ranging from 0 to 51 % was estimated by a 2H mixing-model. The sequence in heterotrophic carbon gain mostly met the morphological grading by haustoria complexity: Melampyrum- < Rhinanthus- < Pedicularis-type.

Conclusion

Due to higher transpiration and lower water-use efficiency, depletion in 13C, 18O and 2H compared to C3-host plants should be expected for tissues of C3-hemiparasites. However, 2H is counterbalanced by transpiration (2H-depletion) and heterotrophy (2H-enrichment). Progressive 2H-enrichment can be used as a proxy to evaluate carbon gains from hosts.

SUBMITTER: Giesemann P

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9113100 | biostudies-literature | 2022 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Distinguishing carbon gains from photosynthesis and heterotrophy in C3-hemiparasite-C3-host pairs.

Giesemann Philipp P Gebauer Gerhard G

Annals of botany 20220501 6

<h4>Background and aims</h4>Previous carbon stable isotope (13C) analyses have shown for very few C3-hemiparasites utilizing C4- or CAM-hosts the use of two carbon sources, autotrophy and heterotrophy. This 13C approach, however, failed for the frequently occurring C3-C3 parasite-host pairs. Thus, we used hydrogen stable isotope (2H) natural abundances as a substitute for 13C within a C3-Orobanchaceae sequence graded by haustoria complexity and C3-Santalaceae.<h4>Methods</h4>Parasitic plants and ...[more]

PMID: 34928345

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Project description:Climate change is affecting interactions among species, including host-parasite interactions. The effects of warming are of particular interest for interactions in which parasite and host physiology are intertwined, such as those between parasitic plants and their hosts. However, little is known about how warming will affect plant parasitic interactions, hindering our ability to predict how host and parasite species will respond to climate change. Here, we test how warming affects aboveground and belowground biomass of a hemiparasitic species (Castilleja sulphurea) and its host (Bouteloua gracilis), asking whether the effects of warming depend on the interaction between these species. We also measured how warming affected the number of haustorial connections between parasite and host. We grew each species alone and together under ambient and warmed conditions. Hosts produced more belowground biomass under warming. However, host biomass was reduced when plants were grown with a hemiparasite. Thus, parasitism negated the benefit of warming on belowground growth of the host. Host resource allocation to roots versus shoots also changed in response to both interaction with the parasite and warming, with hosts producing more root biomass relative to shoot biomass when grown with a parasite and when warmed. As expected, hemiparasite biomass was greater when grown with a host. Warmed parasites had lower root:shoot ratios but only when grown with a host. Under elevated temperatures, hemiparasite aboveground biomass was marginally greater, and plants produced significantly more haustoria. These findings indicate that warming can influence biomass production, both by modifying the interaction between host plants and hemiparasites and by affecting the growth of each species directly. To predict how species will be affected, it is important to understand not only the direct effects of warming but also the indirect effects that are mediated by species interactions. Ultimately, understanding how climate change will affect species interactions is key to understanding how it will affect individual species.

Dataset Information

Distinguishing carbon gains from photosynthesis and heterotrophy in C3-hemiparasite-C3-host pairs.

Background and aims

Methods

Key results

Conclusion

Publications

Distinguishing carbon gains from photosynthesis and heterotrophy in C3-hemiparasite-C3-host pairs.

Similar Datasets

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