Dataset Information

Prostate cancer incidence and survival in relation to prostate cancer as second cancer in relatives.

ABSTRACT:

Objectives

To investigate if the risk of prostate cancer (PC) differs based on the order of primary PC diagnosed in first-degree relatives (FDRs) given possibly different risk factors for PC as first primary cancer (PCa-1) and second primary cancer (PCa-2).

Subjects and methods

In this Swedish nationwide cohort, PC diagnosis was followed for among 149,985 men with one FDR affected by PCa-1, 10,972 with one FDR affected by PCa-2 and 2,896,561 without any FDRs affected by cancer in a maximum of 57 years. PC patients were further followed for death due to PC since diagnosis. Relative risk (RR) of PC was estimated with Poisson regression and hazard ratio (HR) with Cox proportional hazard model.

Results

Compared to men without any FDRs affected by cancer, the RRs of PC in men with one FDR affected by PCa-1 and PCa-2 were 2.12 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.07-2.17) and 1.69 (1.54-1.85), respectively. The risk in men with one FDR affected by PCa-2 was significantly lower than those with one FDR affected by PCa-1 after additionally adjusting for family relationship (father-son and brothers) and age at diagnosis of PC in FDR (RR _{PCa-2 vs PCa-1} , 0.85, 95% CI, 0.78-0.94). PC patients with a family history of PCa-2 were more likely to be detected at late-stage and less likely to be diagnosed by screening, compared to those with a family history of PCa-1. Patients whose PC was diagnosed after the diagnosis of PCa-1 in FDRs had a better survival than those without a family history of cancer (HR, 0.88, 95% CI, 0.80-0.97), but no such association was observed among patients with a family history of PCa-2.

Conclusion

Our study indicates a discrepancy between PC risks associated with a family history of PCa-1 and PC-2 and the reason behind it may be multifactorial.

SUBMITTER: Zheng G

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9119351 | biostudies-literature | 2022 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Prostate cancer incidence and survival in relation to prostate cancer as second cancer in relatives.

Zheng Guoqiao G Sundquist Jan J Sundquist Kristina K Ji Jianguang J

Cancer medicine 20220321 10

<h4>Objectives</h4>To investigate if the risk of prostate cancer (PC) differs based on the order of primary PC diagnosed in first-degree relatives (FDRs) given possibly different risk factors for PC as first primary cancer (PCa-1) and second primary cancer (PCa-2).<h4>Subjects and methods</h4>In this Swedish nationwide cohort, PC diagnosis was followed for among 149,985 men with one FDR affected by PCa-1, 10,972 with one FDR affected by PCa-2 and 2,896,561 without any FDRs affected by cancer in ...[more]

PMID: 35312170

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Project description:BackgroundMutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are associated with increased risk of breast, ovarian, and several other cancers. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the incidence of cancer in first- and second-degree relatives of BRCA mutation carriers compared with the general population.Materials and methodsA total of 1,086 pedigrees of BRCA mutation carriers was obtained from a prospectively maintained, internal review board-approved study of persons referred for clinical genetic counseling at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. We identified 9,032 first- and second-degree relatives from 784 pedigrees that had demonstrated a clear indication of parental origin of mutation. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were used to compare the observed incidence of 20 primary cancer sites to the expected incidence of each cancer based on the calculated risk estimates according to each subject's age, sex, and ethnicity.ResultsBRCA1 families had increased SIRs for breast and ovarian cancer (p < .001) and decreased SIRs for kidney, lung, prostate, and thyroid cancer and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (p < .001). BRCA2 families had increased SIRs for breast, ovarian, and pancreatic cancer (p < .001) and decreased SIRs for kidney, lung, thyroid, and uterine cancer and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (p < .0025). Analysis of only first-degree relatives (n = 4,099) identified no decreased SIRs and agreed with the increased SIRs observed in the overall study population.ConclusionWe have confirmed previous reports of an association between breast, ovarian, and pancreatic cancers with BRCA mutations. Additional research to quantify the relative risks of these cancers for BRCA mutation carriers can help tailor recommendations for risk reduction and enhance genetic counseling.Implications for practiceBRCA gene mutations have been well described to carry an increased risk of both breast and ovarian cancer. However, the implications and risks of other cancers continues to be investigated. Evaluating the risks for other cancers further is key in identifying and managing risk reduction strategies.

Project description:INTRODUCTION:Bladder cancer (BC) (including renal pelvis, ureter and urethra) is one of the most common urogenital cancers and the fourth most frequent cancer in men in the USA. In Norway, the incidence of BC has increased over the last decades. The age-standardised incidence rates per 100 000 for 2011-2015 were 53.7 in men and 16.5 in women. Compared to the 5-year period 2006-2010, the percentage increase in incidence was 6.1% in men and 12.3% in women. The recurrence rate of BC is over 50%, the highest recurrence rate of any malignancy. Smoking and occupational exposure to aromatic amines are recognised as the major risk factors. Recently, low-serum level of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) and obesity have been suggested to increase the BC risk, and leptin, which is important in weight regulation, may be involved in bladder carcinogenesis. More knowledge on potential risk factors for BC is necessary for planning and implementing primary prevention measures. METHODS AND ANALYSES:Cohort and nested case-control studies will be carried out using the population-based Janus Serum Bank Cohort consisting of prediagnostic sera, clinical measurement data (body height and weight, body surface area and weight change over time, blood pressure, cholesterol and triglycerides) and self-reported information on lifestyle factors (smoking, physical activity). Participants were followed from cohort inclusion (1972-2003) through 2014. The cohort will be linked to the Cancer Registry of Norway (cancer data), the National Cause of Death Registry (date and cause of death), National Population Registry (vital status) and Statistic Norway (education and occupation). Serum samples will be analysed for 25(OH)D, vitamin D binding protein, leptin, albumin, calcium and parathyroid hormone. Cox regression and conditional logistic regression models and mediation analysis will be used to estimate association between the exposures and BC. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION:The study has been approved by the Regional Committee for Medical Research Ethics and is funded by the Norwegian Cancer Society. Results will be published in peer-reviewed journals, at scientific conferences and through press releases.

Dataset Information

Prostate cancer incidence and survival in relation to prostate cancer as second cancer in relatives.

Objectives

Subjects and methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Prostate cancer incidence and survival in relation to prostate cancer as second cancer in relatives.

Similar Datasets

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