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Head biomechanics of video recorded falls involving children in a childcare setting.

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to characterize head biomechanics of video-recorded falls involving young children in a licensed childcare setting. Children 12 to < 36 months of age were observed using video monitoring during daily activities in a childcare setting (in classrooms and outdoor playground) to capture fall events. Sensors (SIM G) incorporated into headbands worn by the children were used to obtain head accelerations and velocities during falls. The SIM G device was activated when linear acceleration was ≥ 12 g. 174 video-recorded falls activated the SIM G device; these falls involved 31 children (mean age = 21.6 months ± 5.6 SD). Fall heights ranged from 0.1 to 1.2 m. Across falls, max linear head acceleration was 50.2 g, max rotational head acceleration was 5388 rad/s², max linear head velocity was 3.8 m/s and max rotational head velocity was 21.6 rad/s. Falls with head impact had significantly higher biomechanical measures. There was no correlation between head acceleration and fall height. No serious injuries resulted from falls-only 1 child had a minor injury. In conclusion, wearable sensors enabled characterization of head biomechanics during video-recorded falls involving young children in a childcare setting. Falls in this setting did not result in serious injury.

SUBMITTER: Bertocci G

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9124183 | biostudies-literature | 2022 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Head biomechanics of video recorded falls involving children in a childcare setting.

Bertocci Gina G Smalley Craig C Brown Nathan N Dsouza Raymond R Hilt Bret B Thompson Angela A Bertocci Karen K McKinsey Keyonna K Cory Danielle D Pierce Mary Clyde MC

Scientific reports 20220521 1

The objective of this study was to characterize head biomechanics of video-recorded falls involving young children in a licensed childcare setting. Children 12 to < 36 months of age were observed using video monitoring during daily activities in a childcare setting (in classrooms and outdoor playground) to capture fall events. Sensors (SIM G) incorporated into headbands worn by the children were used to obtain head accelerations and velocities during falls. The SIM G device was activated when li ...[more]

PMID: 35597795

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Project description:BackgroundFalls are a worrying and growing phenomenon worldwide that especially affects the elderly. With the development of technology, one way of studying the real-life falls that occur in healthcare settings is by using video cameras.AimsTo (a) map the patterns of the research on real-life falls among older adults in healthcare settings as assessed with digital video camera supports; and (b) highlight the advances, the evidence produced, and the gaps still present regarding the biomechanics of falls as assessed technologically.MethodsA scoping review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. CINAHL, PubMed and Google Scholar were searched. All studies regarding falls investigated with video cameras among older individuals in healthcare settings published from 1st January 1990 to 1st January 2022 were eligible. Findings were summarised according to the Patterns, Advances, Gaps, Evidence and Recommendations framework for Scoping Reviews.ResultsIn total, 1943 studies were retrieved, and 16 met the inclusion criteria. Studies were mostly conducted in Canada. They described the real-life falls that occurred mainly in common and living areas of long-term facilities among older individuals, mainly females. Thirteen studies investigated falls through biomechanics, while three provided advances in the reliability of the measures as collected with video cameras. Studies reported that the biomechanics of a fall, reflecting the direction of the fall and protective responses, increase or decrease the likelihood of serious impact. In addition, the direction of the landing after a fall has been determined as having a significant impact on the severity and outcome of the fall.ConclusionThe use of video cameras to investigate the biomechanics of falls is a well-established research area that offer interesting insight regarding (a) how to prevent falls and their injuries and (b) the direction of the research in the field of falls.

Project description:Over 95% of hip fractures in older adults are caused by falls, yet only 1% to 2% of falls result in hip fracture. Our current understanding of the types of falls that lead to hip fracture is based on reports by the faller or witness. We analyzed videos of real-life falls in long-term care to provide objective evidence on the factors that separate falls that result in hip fracture from falls that do not. Between 2007 and 2018, we video-captured 2377 falls by 646 residents in two long-term care facilities. Hip fracture was documented in 30 falls. We analyzed each video with a structured questionnaire, and used generalized estimating equations (GEEs) to determine relative risk ratios (RRs) for hip fracture associated with various fall characteristics. All hip fractures involved falls from standing height, and pelvis impact with the ground. After excluding falls from lower than standing height, risk for hip fracture was higher for sideways landing configurations (RR = 5.50; 95% CI, 2.36-12.78) than forward or backward, and for falls causing hip impact (3.38; 95% CI, 1.49-7.67). However, hip fracture risk was just as high in falls initially directed sideways as forward (1.14; 95% CI, 0.49-2.67), due to the tendency for rotation during descent. Falling while using a mobility aid was associated with lower fracture risk (0.30; 95% CI, 0.09-1.00). Seventy percent of hip fractures involved impact to the posterolateral aspect of the pelvis. Hip protectors were worn in 73% of falls, and hip fracture risk was lower in falls where hip protectors were worn (0.45; 95% CI, 0.21-0.99). Age and sex were not associated with fracture risk. There was no evidence of spontaneous fractures. In this first study of video-captured falls causing hip fracture, we show that the biomechanics of falls involving hip fracture were different than nonfracture falls for fall height, fall direction, impact locations, and use of hip protectors. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

Project description:ObjectiveThis study aimed to compare two methods of feedback: verbal face-to-face feedback after direct observation (F2F-feedback) versus electronic-written feedback after observation of recorded-VDO of student's performance (VDO-feedback), in terms of effectiveness in improving skill, effects on motivation and satisfaction.BackgroundMedical schools are responsible for teaching and ensuring proficiency of basic surgical skills. Feedback is effective in developing psychomotor skills; by providing information of learner's current performance, how to improve, and enhancing motivation.Materials and methodFifty-eight medical students (3rd- 4th year) were trained to perform vertical mattress suture in small groups. Then, during 6-week period of self-directed practice, students were randomized into group1 VDO-feedback (male:female = 21:8) and group 2 F2F-feedback (male:female = 20:9). Feedbacks were provided once every 2 weeks (Week2, Week4). End-of-rotation OSCE was at Week6, and retention tested was at Week8. Performance checklist (Cronbach's Alpha 0.72) was used to assess skill at 4 timepoints; pre- and post- small group learning, OSCE, and retention phase. Questionnaire was used to assess motivation, learning strategies and satisfaction (Cronbach's Alpha 0.83).ResultAfter in-class learning, further significant improvement of skills could be gained by both F2F- and VDO- feedbacks (p < 0.0001). Both could similarly retain skill for at least 4 weeks later without additional practice. Self-efficacy, test anxiety, and cognitive strategies scores were significantly increased in both groups (p < 0.05). Extrinsic motivation was increased in VDO-feedback group. No difference in satisfaction between groups was observed.Discussion and conclusionVDO-feedback could be alternative to F2F-feedbacks for basic surgical skill training when limitation for simultaneous meeting of teacher and students occurs.Trial registrationThis study has been registered to Thai Clinical Trial Registry (WHO International Clinical Trial Registry Platform) on 11/07/2023 (TCTR20230711005).

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Head biomechanics of video recorded falls involving children in a childcare setting.

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Head biomechanics of video recorded falls involving children in a childcare setting.

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