Introducing Thioredoxin-Related Transmembrane Proteins: Emerging Roles of Human TMX and Clinical Implications.

ABSTRACT: Significance: The presence of a large number of thioredoxin superfamily members suggests a complex mechanism of redox-based regulation in mammalian cells. However, whether these members are functionally redundant or play separate and distinct roles in each cellular compartment remains to be elucidated. Recent Advances: In the mammalian endoplasmic reticulum (ER), ∼20 thioredoxin-like proteins have been identified. Most ER oxidoreductases are soluble proteins located in the luminal compartment, whereas a small family of five thioredoxin-related transmembrane proteins (TMX) also reside in the ER membrane and play crucial roles with specialized functions. Critical Issues: In addition to the predicted function of ER protein quality control, several ind

SUBMITTER: Matsuo Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9127828 | biostudies-literature | 2022 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature