Pharmacokinetics, adverse effects and effects on thermal nociception following administration of three doses of codeine to horses.

ABSTRACT:

Background

In humans, codeine is a commonly prescribed analgesic that produces its therapeutic effect largely through metabolism to morphine. In some species, analgesic effects of morphine have also been attributed to the morphine-6-glucuronide (M6G) metabolite. Although an effective analgesic, administration of morphine to horses produces dose-dependent neuroexcitation at therapeutic doses. Oral administration of codeine at a dose of 0.6 mg/kg has been shown to generate morphine and M6G concentrations comparable to that observed following administration of clinically effective doses of morphine, without the concomitant adverse effects observed with morphine administration. Based on these results, it was hypothesized that codeine administration would provide effective analgesia wit

SUBMITTER: Knych HK 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9131543 | biostudies-literature | 2022 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature