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Astrocytes derived from ASD individuals alter behavior and destabilize neuronal activity through aberrant Ca²⁺ signaling.

ABSTRACT: The cellular mechanisms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are poorly understood. Cumulative evidence suggests that abnormal synapse function underlies many features of this disease. Astrocytes regulate several key neuronal processes, including the formation of synapses and the modulation of synaptic plasticity. Astrocyte abnormalities have also been identified in the postmortem brain tissue of ASD individuals. However, it remains unclear whether astrocyte pathology plays a mechanistic role in ASD, as opposed to a compensatory response. To address this, we combined stem cell culturing with transplantation techniques to determine disease-specific properties inherent to ASD astrocytes. We demonstrate that ASD astrocytes induce repetitive behavior as well as impair memory and long-term potentiation when transplanted into the healthy mouse brain. These in vivo phenotypes were accompanied by reduced neuronal network activity and spine density caused by ASD astrocytes in hippocampal neurons in vitro. Transplanted ASD astrocytes also exhibit exaggerated Ca²⁺ fluctuations in chimeric brains. Genetic modulation of evoked Ca²⁺ responses in ASD astrocytes modulates behavior and neuronal activity deficits. Thus, this study determines that astrocytes derived from ASD iPSCs are sufficient to induce repetitive behavior as well as cognitive deficit, suggesting a previously unrecognized primary role for astrocytes in ASD.

SUBMITTER: Allen M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9135629 | biostudies-literature | 2022 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Astrocytes derived from ASD individuals alter behavior and destabilize neuronal activity through aberrant Ca<sup>2+</sup> signaling.

Allen Megan M Huang Ben S BS Notaras Michael J MJ Lodhi Aiman A Barrio-Alonso Estibaliz E Lituma Pablo J PJ Wolujewicz Paul P Witztum Jonathan J Longo Francesco F Chen Maoshan M Greening David W DW Klann Eric E Ross M Elizabeth ME Liston Conor C Colak Dilek D

Molecular psychiatry 20220401 5

The cellular mechanisms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are poorly understood. Cumulative evidence suggests that abnormal synapse function underlies many features of this disease. Astrocytes regulate several key neuronal processes, including the formation of synapses and the modulation of synaptic plasticity. Astrocyte abnormalities have also been identified in the postmortem brain tissue of ASD individuals. However, it remains unclear whether astrocyte pathology plays a mechanistic role in AS ...[more]

PMID: 35365802

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Astrocytes derived from ASD individuals alter behavior and destabilize neuronal activity through aberrant Ca²⁺ signaling.

Publications

Astrocytes derived from ASD individuals alter behavior and destabilize neuronal activity through aberrant Ca<sup>2+</sup> signaling.

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Dataset Information

Astrocytes derived from ASD individuals alter behavior and destabilize neuronal activity through aberrant Ca2+ signaling.

Publications

Astrocytes derived from ASD individuals alter behavior and destabilize neuronal activity through aberrant Ca<sup>2+</sup> signaling.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets

Astrocytes derived from ASD individuals alter behavior and destabilize neuronal activity through aberrant Ca²⁺ signaling.