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Adding false-profile radiographs improves detection of developmental dysplasia of the hip, data from the CHECK cohort.

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to determine the additional value of the false-profile (FP) view radiograph in the diagnosis of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), as compared with an anteroposterior (AP) pelvic radiograph only, and evaluate the correlation between the Wiberg-lateral center edge angle (W-LCEA) and Wiberg-anterior center edge angle (W-ACEA). We used baseline data from a nationwide prospective cohort study (Cohort Hip and Cohort Knee). DDH was quantified on AP pelvic and FP hip radiographs using semi-automatic measurements of the W-LCEA and W-ACEA. A threshold of <20° was used to determine DDH for both the W-LCEA and the W-ACEA. The proportion of DDH only present on the FP view determined the FP view additional value. The correlation between the W-LCEA and W-ACEA was determined. In total 720 participants (1391 hips) were included. DDH was present in 74 hips (5.3%), of which 32 were only present on the FP view radiograph (43.2%). The Pearson correlation coefficient between W-LCEA and W-ACEA of all included hips was 0.547 (95% confidence interval: 0.503-0.591) and 0.441 (95% confidence interval: 0.231-0.652) in hips with DDH. A mean difference of 9.4° (SD 8.09) was present between the W-LCEA and the W-ACEA in the hips with DDH. There is a strong additional value of the FP radiograph in the diagnosis of DDH. Over 4 out of 10 (43.2%) individuals' DDH will be missed when only using the AP radiograph. In hips with DDH a moderate correlation between W-LCEA and W-ACEA was calculated indicating that joints with normal acetabular coverage on the AP view can still be undercovered on the FP view.

SUBMITTER: Herfkens J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9142192 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Adding false-profile radiographs improves detection of developmental dysplasia of the hip, data from the CHECK cohort.

Herfkens Julie J van Buuren Michiel M A MMA Riedstra Noortje S NS Verhaar Jan A N JAN Mascarenhas Vasco V VV Agricola Rintje R

Journal of hip preservation surgery 20220101 1

The aim of this study was to determine the additional value of the false-profile (FP) view radiograph in the diagnosis of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), as compared with an anteroposterior (AP) pelvic radiograph only, and evaluate the correlation between the Wiberg-lateral center edge angle (W-LCEA) and Wiberg-anterior center edge angle (W-ACEA). We used baseline data from a nationwide prospective cohort study (Cohort Hip and Cohort Knee). DDH was quantified on AP pelvic and FP hip ra ...[more]

PMID: 35651710

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Project description:BackgroundBoth the lateral center-edge angle and acetabular roof obliquity on anteroposterior radiographs are well-known prognostic predictors of osteoarthritis progression in patients with acetabular dysplasia. However, few studies have evaluated osteoarthritis progression on false-profile radiographs. In the present study, osteoarthritis progression was evaluated on anteroposterior and false-profile radiographs.MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated 76 patients with acetabular dysplasia with Tönnis grade-0 or 1 osteoarthritis, from a group of 179 patients (209 hips), who had undergone unilateral periacetabular osteotomy from 1995 to 2005. We evaluated the hip joint of the contralateral, untreated side. All patients were followed for ≥10 years. Of the 76 patients, 52 patients with Tönnis grade-0 or 1 osteoarthritis at the latest follow-up were categorized into the non-progression group and the remaining 24 patients with Tönnis grade-2 or 3 osteoarthritis were categorized into the progression group. We evaluated patient characteristics as well as radiographic parameters, including the preoperative lateral center-edge angle, acetabular roof obliquity, and anterior center-edge angle.ResultsThe mean duration of follow-up was 12.6 years (range, 10 to 19 years). On univariate analysis, body weight, body mass index, and all radiographic parameters indicating the severity of acetabular dysplasia significantly differed between the 2 groups. On multivariate analysis, both the anterior center-edge angle and acetabular roof obliquity were considered to be significant predictive factors for osteoarthritis progression. On receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the cutoff values for the lateral center-edge angle, acetabular roof obliquity, and anterior center-edge angle were 15.5°, 15.5°, and 12.5°, respectively.ConclusionsIn addition to the lateral center-edge angle and acetabular roof obliquity, we showed that the anterior center-edge angle is a possible prognostic predictor of osteoarthritis progression. These findings indicate that radiographic parameters based on the false-profile view are relevant. Additionally, patients with an anterior center-edge angle of ≤12.5° and a lateral center-edge angle of ≤15.5° seem to be at higher risk of osteoarthritis progression over a 10-year period.Level of evidencePrognostic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

Project description:Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is common, and features a widened Sharp's angle as observed on pelvic x-ray images. Determination of Sharp's angle, essential for clinical decisions, can overwhelm the workload of orthopedic surgeons. To aid diagnosis of DDH and reduce false negative diagnoses, a simple and cost-effective tool is proposed. The model was designed using artificial intelligence (AI), and evaluated for its ability to screen anteroposterior pelvic radiographs automatically, accurately, and efficiently.Orthotopic anterior pelvic x-ray images were retrospectively collected (n = 11574) from the PACS (Picture Archiving and Communication System) database at Second Hospital of Jilin University. The Mask regional convolutional neural network (R-CNN) model was utilized and finely modified to detect 4 key points that delineate Sharp's angle. Of these images, 11,473 were randomly selected, labeled, and used to train and validate the modified Mask R-CNN model. A test dataset comprised the remaining 101 images. Python-based utility software was applied to draw and calculate Sharp's angle automatically. The diagnoses of DDH obtained via the model or the traditional manual drawings of 3 orthopedic surgeons were compared, each based on the degree of Sharp's angle, and these were then evaluated relative to the final clinical diagnoses (based on medical history, symptoms, signs, x-ray films, and computed tomography images).Sharp's angles on the left and right measured via the AI model (40.07° ± 4.09° and 40.65° ± 4.21°), were statistically similar to that of the surgeons' (39.35° ± 6.74° and 39.82° ± 6.99°). The measurement time required by the AI model (1.11 ± 0.00 s) was significantly less than that of the doctors (86.72 ± 1.10, 93.26 ± 1.12, and 87.34 ± 0.80 s). The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the AI method for diagnosis of DDH were similar to that of the orthopedic surgeons; the diagnoses of both were moderately consistent with the final clinical diagnosis.The proposed AI model can automatically measure Sharp's angle with a performance similar to that of orthopedic surgeons, but requires far less time. The AI model may be a viable auxiliary to clinical diagnosis of DDH.

Dataset Information

Adding false-profile radiographs improves detection of developmental dysplasia of the hip, data from the CHECK cohort.

Publications

Adding false-profile radiographs improves detection of developmental dysplasia of the hip, data from the CHECK cohort.

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