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Effects of Different Prenatal Nutrition Strategies on the Liver Metabolome of Bulls and Its Correlation with Body and Liver Weight.

ABSTRACT: This study investigated the effect of prenatal nutrition on liver metabolome and on body (BW) and liver weight (LW) of Nellore bulls at slaughter. Three treatments were applied in 126 cows during pregnancy: NP-control (mineral supplementation); PP-protein-energy supplementation in the third trimester; and FP-protein-energy supplementation during the entire pregnancy. Offspring BW and LW were evaluated, and a targeted metabolomics analysis was performed on their livers (n = 18, 22.5 ± 1 months of age). Data were submitted to principal component analysis (PCA), analysis of variance (ANOVA), enrichment analysis, and Pearson's correlation analysis. The phenotypes did not show differences between treatments (p > 0.05). Metabolites PCA showed an overlap of treatment clusters in the analysis. We found significant metabolites in ANOVA (p ≤ 0.05; Glycine, Hydroxytetradecadienylcarnitine, Aminoadipic acid and Carnosine). Enrichment analysis revealed some biological processes (Histidine metabolism, beta-Alanine metabolism, and Lysine degradation). Pearson's correlation analysis showed 29 significant correlated metabolites with BW and 1 metabolite correlated with LW. In summary, prenatal nutrition did not show effects on the phenotypes evaluated, but affected some metabolites and biological pathways, mainly related to oxidative metabolism. In addition, BW seems to influence the hepatic metabolome more than LW, due to the amount and magnitude of correlations found.

SUBMITTER: Polizel GHG

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9143101 | biostudies-literature | 2022 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Effects of Different Prenatal Nutrition Strategies on the Liver Metabolome of Bulls and Its Correlation with Body and Liver Weight.

Polizel Guilherme Henrique Gebim GHG Cançado Fernando Augusto Correia Queiroz FACQ Dias Evandro Fernando Ferreira EFF Fernandes Arícia Christofaro AC Cracco Roberta Cavalcante RC Carmona Brenda Tonsic BT Castellar Henrique Hespanhol HH Poleti Mirele Daiana MD Santana Miguel Henrique de Almeida MHA

Metabolites 20220514 5

This study investigated the effect of prenatal nutrition on liver metabolome and on body (BW) and liver weight (LW) of Nellore bulls at slaughter. Three treatments were applied in 126 cows during pregnancy: NP—control (mineral supplementation); PP—protein-energy supplementation in the third trimester; and FP—protein-energy supplementation during the entire pregnancy. Offspring BW and LW were evaluated, and a targeted metabolomics analysis was performed on their livers (n = 18, 22.5 ± 1 months of ...[more]

PMID: 35629945

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Project description:Maternal nutrition has the ability of influence critical processes in fetal life, including muscle development. Also, in this period, epigenetic sensitivity to external stimuli is higher and produces long-lasting effects. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate epigenetic mechanisms, including the identification and characterization of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) from animals that had undergone different strategies of prenatal supplementation. A group of Nellore cows (n = 126) were separated into three nutritional plans: NP (control)-Not Programmed, without protein-energy supplementation; PP-Partially Programmed, protein-energy supplementation in the final third of pregnancy; and CP-Complete Programming, protein-energy supplementation during the full period of gestation. A total of 63 male offspring were used in this study, of which 15 (5 per treatment) had Longissimus thoracis muscle at 15 (biopsy) and 22 months (slaughter). Biopsy samples were subjected to RNA extraction and sequencing. Differential expression (DE) of remodeling factors and chromatin-modifying enzyme genes were performed. For the identification and characterization of lncRNA, a series of size filters and protein coding potential tests were performed. The lncRNAs identified had their differential expression and regulatory potential tested. Regarding DE of epigenetic mechanisms, no differentially expressed gene was found (p > 0.1). Identification of potential lncRNA was successful, identifying 1823 transcripts at 15 months and 1533 at 22 months. Among these, four were considered differentially expressed between treatments at 15 months and 6 were differentially expressed at 22 months. Yet, when testing regulatory potential, 13 lncRNAs were considered key regulators in the PP group, and 17 in the CP group. PP group lncRNAs possibly regulate fat-cell differentiation, in utero embryonic development, and transforming growth factor beta receptor, whereas lncRNA in the CP group regulates in utero embryonic development, fat-cell differentiation and vasculogenesis. Maternal nutrition had no effect on differential expression of epigenetic mechanisms; however, it seems to impair lncRNA regulation of epigenetics.

Project description:Objective: Cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) testing has opened new options in prenatal screening for trisomy 21. Due to the higher costs of cffDNA testing there is an ongoing debate on how to combine different screening strategies. Methods: For this study, a model-based approach was used to evaluate all births in Germany in 2012 together with the percentage of euploid and trisomic pregnancies. Detection rates (DR), false positive rates (FPR), the costs of different screening strategies for trisomy 21 and combinations of these strategies were compared. The number of fetuses with trisomy 21 at 12 + 0 weeks of gestation was estimated based on maternal age distribution. We examined the screening performance of a screening strategy based on maternal age, first trimester screening (FTS) and cffDNA testing as well as the combinations "maternal age and cffDNA" and "FTS and cffDNA". Results: In 2012 673 544 children were born. Median maternal age at delivery was 30.2 years (25th-75th quartile: 27.0-34.0). Based on maternal age distribution the expected number of fetuses with trisomy 21 at 12 weeks' gestation was 1788. Our study population therefore consisted of 675 332 pregnancies. Screening based only on maternal age or FTS or cffDNA resulted in detection rates of 63.3 %, 92.2 % and 99.0 % and false positive rates of 21.8 %, 8.0 % and 0.1 %, respectively. When maternal age was combined with cffDNA, cffDNA testing was only offered to women over a certain age; if a cut-off of 30 years was used, this resulted in a DR of 85.2 % and a FPR of 1.7 %. If primary screening consisted of FTS with cffDNA testing only done when the risk was between 1 : 10 and 1 : 1000, the detection rate was 96.7 % and the false positive rate was 1.2 %. Conclusion: In this model-based study we showed that prenatal screening for trisomy 21 can be improved even more by combining FTS and cffDNA. Further studies are necessary to examine whether these results can be reproduced in reality.

Project description:BackgroundMaternal obesity is a risk factor for childhood obesity; this is a major public health concern given that ∼40% of pregnant women are either overweight or obese. Whether differences in milk composition in lean compared with obese women contribute to childhood obesity is unclear.ObjectivesWe aimed to analyze relationships between maternal obesity and human milk metabolites, infant body composition, and postnatal weight gain.MethodsThis was a prospective study in which mothers intending to breastfeed exclusively, and their newborn infants, were enrolled at delivery (n = 35 mother-infant pairs). We excluded mothers with diabetes, other medical conditions, or pregnancy complications. Participants were grouped by maternal prepregnancy BMI <25 (lean) or ≥25 kg/m2 (overweight/obese). We analyzed infant body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and used untargeted liquid chromatography-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to measure the milk content of 275 metabolites at 1 and 6 mo postpartum.ResultsAt 1 mo postpartum, 10 metabolites differed between overweight/obese and lean groups with nominal P < 0.05, but none was altered with a false discovery rate <0.25. Many differentially abundant metabolites belonged to the same chemical class; e.g., 4/10 metabolites were nucleotide derivatives, and 3/10 were human milk oligosaccharides. Milk adenine correlated positively with both continuously distributed maternal BMI and with infant adiposity and fat accrual. Analysis of milk composition at 6 mo postpartum revealed 20 differentially abundant metabolites (P < 0.05) in overweight/obese compared with lean women, including 6 metabolites with a false discovery rate of <0.25. At both 1 and 6 mo, human milk abundance of 1,5-anhydroglucitol, which has not previously been described in milk, was positively associated with maternal BMI.ConclusionsMaternal obesity is associated with changes in the human milk metabolome. While only a subset of metabolites correlated with both maternal and infant weight, these point to potential milk-dependent mechanisms for mother-child transmission of obesity. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02535637.

Dataset Information

Effects of Different Prenatal Nutrition Strategies on the Liver Metabolome of Bulls and Its Correlation with Body and Liver Weight.

Publications

Effects of Different Prenatal Nutrition Strategies on the Liver Metabolome of Bulls and Its Correlation with Body and Liver Weight.

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