Replacement of animal testing by integrated approaches to testing and assessment (IATA): a call for in vivitrosi.

ABSTRACT: Alternative methods to animal use in toxicology are evolving with new advanced tools and multilevel approaches, to answer from one side to 3Rs requirements, and on the other side offering relevant and valid tests for drugs and chemicals, considering also their combination in test strategies, for a proper risk assessment.While stand-alone methods, have demonstrated to be applicable for some specific toxicological predictions with some limitations, the new strategy for the application of New Approach Methods (NAM), to solve complex toxicological endpoints is addressed by Integrated Approaches for Testing and Assessment (IATA), aka Integrated Testing Strategies (ITS) or Defined Approaches for Testing and Assessment (DA). The central challenge of evidence integration is shared with the needs o

SUBMITTER: Caloni F 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9151502 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature