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Structural dynamics reveal isolate-specific differences at neutralization epitopes on HIV Env.


ABSTRACT: The envelope glycoprotein (Env) is the sole target for neutralizing antibodies against HIV and the most rapidly evolving, variable part of the virus. High-resolution structures of Env trimers captured in the pre-fusion, closed conformation have revealed a high degree of structural similarity across diverse isolates. Biophysical data, however, indicate that Env is highly dynamic, and the level of dynamics and conformational sampling is believed to vary dramatically between HIV isolates. Dynamic differences likely influence neutralization sensitivity, receptor activation, and overall trimer stability. Here, using hydrogen/deuterium-exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS), we have mapped local dynamics across native-like Env SOSIP trimers from diverse isolates. We show that significant differences in epitope order are observed across most sites targeted by broadly neutralizing antibodies. We also observe isolate-dependent conformational switching that occurs over a broad range of timescales. Lastly, we report that hyper-stabilizing mutations that dampen dynamics in some isolates have little effect on others.

SUBMITTER: Hodge EA 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9167985 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Structural dynamics reveal isolate-specific differences at neutralization epitopes on HIV Env.

Hodge Edgar A EA   Naika Gajendra S GS   Kephart Sally M SM   Nguyen Adam A   Zhu Richard R   Benhaim Mark A MA   Guo Wenjin W   Moore John P JP   Hu Shiu-Lok SL   Sanders Rogier W RW   Lee Kelly K KK  

iScience 20220523 6


The envelope glycoprotein (Env) is the sole target for neutralizing antibodies against HIV and the most rapidly evolving, variable part of the virus. High-resolution structures of Env trimers captured in the pre-fusion, closed conformation have revealed a high degree of structural similarity across diverse isolates. Biophysical data, however, indicate that Env is highly dynamic, and the level of dynamics and conformational sampling is believed to vary dramatically between HIV isolates. Dynamic d  ...[more]

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