Association of Axial Length and Refraction with Near Horizontal Heterophoria in Chinese Children: An Observational Cross-Sectional Study.

ABSTRACT:

Purpose

To evaluate the association of near heterophoria with refraction and axial length (AL) in Chinese school children.

Methods

This school-based cross-sectional study included 15,081 Chinese primary school children (grades 1-6) examined during 2017. Near heterophoria was measured at 33 cm using the Maddox rod and prism test. Noncycloplegic refraction and AL were also measured. A generalized additive model with a Gaussian link was used to determine the association of near heterophoria with refraction and AL. Analyses were adjusted for age to account for differences in the age distribution of the sample.

Results

Overall, data were analyzed for 11,013 students ranging in age from 6 to 13 years. The most common type of near heterophoria was exophoria (64.96%), the pro

SUBMITTER: Chen X 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9173904 | biostudies-literature | 2022

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature