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Monitoring the emotional facial reactions of individuals with antisocial personality disorder during the retrieval of self-defining memories.

ABSTRACT: While a deficit in the recognition of facial expression has been demonstrated in persons with antisocial personality disorder (ASPD), few studies have investigated how individuals with ASPD produce their own emotional facial expressions. This study examines the production of facial emotional expressions of male inpatients with ASPD in a forensic hospital compared with a control group as they retrieve autobiographical memories. This design constitutes a specific ecological experimental approach fostering the evocation of personal feelings. Two indicators characterizing the activation of facial expression were used: activation of emotional action units and emotional dominance. The results showed that individuals with ASPD 1) activated angrier facial expressions than control participants for both indicators, 2) displayed a higher dominance of angry facial expressions during the retrieval of positive self-defining memories than control participants and 3) recalled significant memories that were less associated with neutral facial states than the control sample, regardless of the valence of their memories. These findings highlight the core role of anger in ASPD and the possible development of pathological anger, which would distinguish trajectories toward anxious or mood disorders and trajectories characterized by external disorders.

SUBMITTER: Lavallee A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9176833 | biostudies-literature | 2022

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Monitoring the emotional facial reactions of individuals with antisocial personality disorder during the retrieval of self-defining memories.

Lavallee Audrey A Pham Thierry H TH Gandolphe Marie-Charlotte MC Saloppé Xavier X Ott Laurent L Nandrino Jean-Louis JL

PloS one 20220608 6

While a deficit in the recognition of facial expression has been demonstrated in persons with antisocial personality disorder (ASPD), few studies have investigated how individuals with ASPD produce their own emotional facial expressions. This study examines the production of facial emotional expressions of male inpatients with ASPD in a forensic hospital compared with a control group as they retrieve autobiographical memories. This design constitutes a specific ecological experimental approach f ...[more]

PMID: 35675301

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Project description:BackgroundAccording to the hypersensitivity hypothesis, highly emotionally intelligent individuals perceive emotion information at a lower threshold, pay more attention to emotion information, and may be characterized by more intense emotional experiences. The goal of the present study was to investigate whether and how emotional intelligence (EI) is related to hypersensitivity operationalized as heightened emotional and facial reactions when observing others narrating positive and negative life experiences.MethodsParticipants (144 women) watched positive and negative videos in three different conditions: with no specific instructions (spontaneous condition), with the instructions to put themselves in the character's shoes (empathic condition) and with the instructions to distinguish themselves from the character (distancing condition). The activity of the corrugator supercilii and zygomaticus major muscles was recorded and after each video, the participants reported the arousal corresponding to their emotion during the video. The EI facets emotion recognition (ER), emotion understanding (EU), and emotion management (EM) were measured.ResultsParticipants' self-reported arousal and facial motor responses increased in the empathic condition compared to the spontaneous condition and then decreased in the distancing condition. Although there was no effect of EI on reported arousal, EI, specifically EU and EM, seemed to influence facial reactions during the task. In the spontaneous and empathic conditions, EU was associated with a greater difference in zygomaticus activation between positive and negative videos, suggesting that individuals high on this EI facet may react more to positive emotion of others. In the spontaneous and distancing conditions, EM predicted less corrugator activation when watching negative videos, suggesting that individuals high on this EI facet may spontaneously regulate their negative emotions.ConclusionsThis study suggests that hypersensitivity effects might better be captured by implicit measures such as facial reactions rather than explicit ones such as reporting of emotion. They also suggest that some EI facets and viewing conditions (spontaneous, empathic, and distancing view) influence emotional facial reactivity.

Dataset Information

Monitoring the emotional facial reactions of individuals with antisocial personality disorder during the retrieval of self-defining memories.

Publications

Monitoring the emotional facial reactions of individuals with antisocial personality disorder during the retrieval of self-defining memories.

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