The Outside-In Journey of Tissue Transglutaminase in Cancer.

ABSTRACT: Tissue transglutaminase (TG2) is a member of the transglutaminase family that catalyzes Ca²⁺-dependent protein crosslinks and hydrolyzes guanosine 5'-triphosphate (GTP). The conformation and functions of TG2 are regulated by Ca²⁺ and GTP levels; the TG2 enzymatically active open conformation is modulated by high Ca²⁺ concentrations, while high intracellular GTP promotes the closed conformation, with inhibition of the TG-ase activity. TG2's unique characteristics and its ubiquitous distribution in the intracellular compartment, coupled with its secretion in the extracellular matrix, contribute to modulate the functions of the protein. Its aberrant expression has been observed in several cancer types where it was linked to metastatic progression, resistance t

SUBMITTER: Sima LE 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9179582 | biostudies-literature | 2022 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature