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Bio-Synthesis of Aspergillus terreus Mediated Gold Nanoparticle: Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Antifungal and In Vitro Cytotoxicity Studies.

ABSTRACT: Gold nanoparticles (GNP) were bio-fabricated utilizing the methanolic extract of the endophytic isolate Aspergillus terreus. The biosynthesised gold nanoparticles (GNP023) were characterised using UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis); transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform nfrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies. The bio-fabricated GNP023 displayed a sharp SPR peak at 536 nm, were spherically shaped, and had an average size between 10-16 nm. The EDX profile confirmed the presence of gold (Au), and XRD analysis confirmed the crystalline nature of GNP023. The antimicrobial activity of GNP023 was investigated against several food-borne and phytopathogens, using in vitro antibacterial and antifungal assays. The maximum zone of inhibition was observed for S. aureus and V. cholera at 400 μg /mL, whereas inhibition in radial mycelial growth was observed against Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizoctonia solani at 52.5% and 65.46%, respectively, when challenged with GNP023 (200 μg/mL). Moreover, the gold nanoparticles displayed significant antioxidant activity against the ABTS radical, with an IC₅₀ of 38.61 µg/mL, and were non-toxic when tested against human kidney embryonic 293 (HEK293) cells. Thus, the current work supports the application of myco-synthesised gold nanoparticles as a versatile antimicrobial candidate against food-borne pathogens.

SUBMITTER: Mishra RC

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9181662 | biostudies-literature | 2022 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Bio-Synthesis of <i>Aspergillus terreus</i> Mediated Gold Nanoparticle: Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Antifungal and In Vitro Cytotoxicity Studies.

Mishra Rahul Chandra RC Kalra Rishu R Dilawari Rahul R Goel Mayurika M Barrow Colin J CJ

Materials (Basel, Switzerland) 20220529 11

Gold nanoparticles (GNP) were bio-fabricated utilizing the methanolic extract of the endophytic isolate <i>Aspergillus terreus</i>. The biosynthesised gold nanoparticles (GNP023) were characterised using UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis); transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform nfrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies. The bio-fabricated GNP023 displayed a sharp SPR peak at 536 nm, were spherically shaped, and had an average size between 10-16 nm. The EDX ...[more]

PMID: 35683175

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Project description:BackgroundThe eggplant suffers from many biotic stresses that cause severe damage to crop production. One of the most destructive eggplant pathogens is Alternaria solani, which causes early blight disease. A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the role of fungal endophytes in protecting eggplant against early blight as well as in improving its growth performance.ResultsEndophytic Aspergillus terreus was isolated from Ocimum basilicum leaves and identified morphologically and genetically. In vitro, crude extract of endophytic A. terreus exhibited promising antifungal activity against A. solani where minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was 1.25 mg/ml. Severity of the disease and rate of protection from the disease were recorded. Vegetative growth indices, physiological resistance signs (photosynthetic pigments, carbohydrates, proteins, phenols, proline, malondialdehyde (MDA), antioxidant enzymes), and isozymes were estimated. Alternaria solani caused a highly disease severity (87.5%) and a noticeable decreasing in growth characteristics and photosynthetic pigments except for carotenoids. Also, infection with A. solani caused significant decreases in the contents of carbohydrate and protein by 29.94% and 10.52%, respectively. Infection with A. solani caused enhancement in phenolics (77.21%), free proline (30.56%), malondialdehyde (30.26%), superoxide dismutase (SOD) (125.47%), catalase (CAT) (125.93%), peroxidase (POD) (25.07%) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) (125.37%) compared to healthy plants. In contrast, the use of A. terreus on infected plants succeeded in recovering eggplants from the disease, as the disease severity was recorded (caused protection by 66.67%). Application of A. terreus either on healthy or infected eggplants showed several responses in number and density of peroxidase (POD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) isozymes.ConclusionIt is necessary for us to address the remarkable improvement in the photosynthetic pigments, protein, carbohydrates, and enzymatic activity compared to infected control, which opens the way for more studies on the use of biocides as safe alternatives against fungal diseases.

Project description:BackgroundScientists have faced difficulties in synthesizing natural substances with potent biological activity from cost-effective sources. Endophytic fungi metabolites with nanoparticles have been utilized to develop a friendly, suitable procedure to address this problem and ameliorate the average amount of antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer materials. Therefore, this study utilized endophytic fungi as a source of the natural extract with biosynthesized manganese nanoparticles (MnNPs) in the form of nanocomposites.MethodsThirty endophytic fungi were isolated and were assessed for their antioxidant activity by 1, 1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and antimicrobial activity. The most potent isolate was identified utilizing 18S rRNA and was applied to purify and separate their natural antimicrobial products by Flash column chromatography. In addition, the most potent product was identified based on instrumental analysis through Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), and Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC.MS). The purified product was combined with biosynthsesized manganese nanoparticles (MnNPs) for the production of nanocomposite (MnNCs). Later on, the physicochemical features of MnNPs and its MnNCs were examined and then they were assessed for determination their biological activities.ResultsThe most potent isolate was identified as Aspergillus terreus with accession number OR243300. The antioxidant and antimicrobial product produced by the strain A. terreus was identified as an amide derivative consisting of 3-(2-Hydroxy-4,4-dimethyl-6-oxo-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-4-oxopentanoic acid (HDOCOX) with the chemical formula C13H18O5. Furthermore, purified HDOCOX, MnNPs and Mn-HDOCOX-NPs nanocomposite (MnNCs) showed significant antimicrobial effectiveness. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) determined for MnNCs were 10 µg/mL against C. albicans and E.coli. Furthermore, MnNCs were reduced hepatocellular carcinoma viability.ConclusionThe use of HDOCOX, either alone or in combination with MnNPs, is a potential candidate for inhibiting pathogenic microbes and the development of an anticancer drug pipeline.

Dataset Information

Bio-Synthesis of Aspergillus terreus Mediated Gold Nanoparticle: Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Antifungal and In Vitro Cytotoxicity Studies.

Publications

Bio-Synthesis of <i>Aspergillus terreus</i> Mediated Gold Nanoparticle: Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Antifungal and In Vitro Cytotoxicity Studies.

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