Project description:Aortic aneurysm is a leading cause of death in adults, often taking lives without any premonitory signs or symptoms. Adverse clinical outcomes of aortic aneurysm are preventable by elective surgical repair; however, identifying at-risk individuals is difficult. The objective of this study was to perform a predictive biomechanical analysis of ascending aortic aneurysm (AsAA) tissue to assess rupture risk on a patient-specific level. AsAA tissues, obtained intra-operatively from 50 patients, were subjected to biaxial mechanical and uniaxial failure tests to obtain their passive elastic mechanical properties. A novel analytical method was developed to predict the AsAA pressure-diameter response as well as the aortic wall yield and failure responses. Our results indicated that the mean predicted AsAA diameter at rupture was 5.6 ± 0.7 cm, and the associated blood pressure to induce rupture was 579.4 ± 214.8 mmHg. Statistical analysis showed significant positive correlation between aneurysm tissue compliance and predicted risk of rupture, where patients with a pressure-strain modulus ?100 kPa may be nearly twice as likely to experience rupture than patients with more compliant aortic tissue. The mechanical analysis of pre-dissection patient tissue properties established in this study could predict the "future" onset of yielding and rupture in AsAA patients. The analysis results implicate decreased tissue compliance as a risk factor for AsAA rupture. The presented methods may serve as a basis for the development of a pre-operative planning tool for AsAA evaluation, a tool currently unavailable.

| S-EPMC3872822 | biostudies-literature

Extensive dissecting aneurysm of the ascending aorta.

Project description:We present the case of a 69-year-old female surviving an extensive dissecting thoracic aortic aneurysm. Due to the initial presentation with angina and epigastric pain the first working diagnosis was acute coronary syndrome. However, on transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), the dissecting aneurysm (type Stanford A) could be detected. Our article stresses the importance of imaging for the rapid and accurate diagnosis of thoracic aortic aneurysms with dissection. In our case, TEE detected the intimal flap separating true and false lumen, and the consecutive hemodynamically relevant aortic valve regurgitation, in addition to the aneurysm extent. The patient underwent surgical repair with aortic arch replacement and recovered without sequelae. <Learning objective: In patients with severe hypertension and coronary artery disease presenting with atypical chest pain, ECG and troponin T assessment should be complemented by imaging of the heart and the ascending aorta to rule out aortic dissection.>.

| S-EPMC6275365 | biostudies-literature

Giant 'asymptomatic' ascending aortic aneurysm.

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC10033807 | biostudies-literature

Mitral-aortic Intervalvular Fibrosa Aneurysm with Rupture into Left Atrium: An Uncommon Cause of Acute Dyspnea.

Project description:Aneurysm of the mitral-aortic intervalvular fibrosa (MAIF) is an exceptionally rare but a potentially catastrophic complication, commonly following aortic valve endocarditis. We present a 24-year-old male presenting with acute onset dyspnea secondary to MAIF aneurysm rupturing into a left atrium causing large shunt which was diagnosed on echocardiography. The MAIF aneurysm in the absence of infective endocarditis rupturing into left atrium is extremely rare.

| S-EPMC3385191 | biostudies-literature

Ventricular septal defect associated with aortic regurgitation and ascending aortic aneurysm: a case report.

Project description:IntroductionVentricular septal defect (VSD) is one of the most common congenital cardiac anomalies. Patients with perimembranous VSD may have aortic regurgitation (AR) secondary to prolapse of the aortic cusp.Case presentationWe present a case of 23-year-old White man with VSD, AR and ascending aortic aneurysm. The patient presented to outpatient clinic with weakness and gradual worsening shortness of breath for the past 5 years. Clinical examination revealed regular heart rhythm and loud continuous systolic-diastolic murmur (Lewin's grade 6/6), heard all over the precordium, associated with a palpable thrill. The ECG showed right axis deviation, fractionated QRS in V1 and signs of biventricular hypertrophy. The chest X-ray showed cardiomegaly. Transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiograms showed a perimembranous VSD with moderate restrictive shunt (Qp/Qs = 1.6), aortic regurgitation (AR), and ascending aortic aneurysm. Other clinical and laboratory findings were within normal limits.ConclusionsPerimembranous VSD, may be associated with aortic regurgitation and ascending aortic aneurysm as secondary phenomenon if it is not early diagnosed and successfully treated.

| S-EPMC10601169 | biostudies-literature

Acute rupture of a sinus of Valsalva aneurysm into the right atrium: a case report and a narrative review.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Sinus of Valsalva aneurysm (SVA) is a rare cardiac anomaly which has potential for spontaneous rupture into other cardiac chambers or the pericardial space (depending on its location). A ruptured SVA has a very poor prognosis with high morbidity and mortality. The development of a shunt between the sinus of Valsalva and right-sided cardiac chambers results in a continuous murmur on examination. Our case report is a case of SVA rupture into the right atrium. CASE PRESENTATION:In this case report, we describe a 23-year-old patient with an acute onset of chest pain, shortness of breath, palpitations and dizziness starting 2 days prior to presentation to the emergency department. The patient was initially treated for presumed pulmonary embolism overnight while awaiting CTPA the next morning. However, further examination by the inpatient medical team demonstrated a continuous machinery cardiac murmur. Subsequent echocardiography demonstrated an acutely ruptured SVA with shunting to the right atrium. Emergency surgical repair resulted in an excellent outcome for the patient. CONCLUSION:A thorough clinical history and physical examination is the cornerstone of all medical encounters. An SVA could be asymptomatic until acute rupture. Echocardiography is the preferred initial diagnostic tool. Additional imaging techniques can be used to confirm the diagnosis. In cases of rupture, prognosis is poor and surgical repair is always required.

| S-EPMC7027063 | biostudies-literature

[Thrombus in the right atrium after COVID-19 pneumonia].

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC7284256 | biostudies-literature

Thrombus in the right atrium after COVID-19 pneumonia.

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC7366995 | biostudies-literature

Multimodality Imaging in Giant Ascending Aortic Aneurysm.

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC6470066 | biostudies-literature