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The diversity of quinoa morphological traits and seed metabolic composition.

ABSTRACT: Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is an herbaceous annual crop of the amaranth family (Amaranthaceae). It is increasingly cultivated for its nutritious grains, which are rich in protein and essential amino acids, lipids, and minerals. Quinoa exhibits a high tolerance towards various abiotic stresses including drought and salinity, which supports its agricultural cultivation under climate change conditions. The use of quinoa grains is compromised by anti-nutritional saponins, a terpenoid class of secondary metabolites deposited in the seed coat; their removal before consumption requires extensive washing, an economically and environmentally unfavorable process; or their accumulation can be reduced through breeding. In this study, we analyzed the seed metabolomes, including amino acids, fatty acids, and saponins, from 471 quinoa cultivars, including two related species, by liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry. Additionally, we determined a large number of agronomic traits including biomass, flowering time, and seed yield. The results revealed considerable diversity between genotypes and provide a knowledge base for future breeding or genome editing of quinoa.

SUBMITTER: Tabatabaei I

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9209433 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The diversity of quinoa morphological traits and seed metabolic composition.

Tabatabaei Iman I Alseekh Saleh S Shahid Mohammad M Leniak Ewa E Wagner Mateusz M Mahmoudi Henda H Thushar Sumitha S Fernie Alisdair R AR Murphy Kevin M KM Schmöckel Sandra M SM Tester Mark M Mueller-Roeber Bernd B Skirycz Aleksandra A Balazadeh Salma S

Scientific data 20220620 1

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is an herbaceous annual crop of the amaranth family (Amaranthaceae). It is increasingly cultivated for its nutritious grains, which are rich in protein and essential amino acids, lipids, and minerals. Quinoa exhibits a high tolerance towards various abiotic stresses including drought and salinity, which supports its agricultural cultivation under climate change conditions. The use of quinoa grains is compromised by anti-nutritional saponins, a terpenoid class o ...[more]

PMID: 35725573

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Project description:The goal of the current study was to assess genetic variability in Momordica dioica for both qualitative and morphological features to create trait-specific lines. The correlation coefficients among twenty-three different traits of twenty-one Momordica dioica gynoecious accessions calculated and summarized by using the best linear unbiased predictor (BLUPs). The traits contribution to principal components for growth, yield and yield attributing characters positively contributed towards the PC-I were tender fruit weight (FWT), mature fruit weight (FWM), ripen fruit weight (FWR), fruit yield per plant (MFYP), fruit yield per hectare (MFPH), seeds per fruit (NSF), fruit length (FL), fruit diameter (FD), inter-nodal length (IL), fruit pedicel length (FPL), leaf width (LW), leaf length (LL) and vine length (VL). Three groups were identified; group III had the most genotypes (10), followed by cluster II (07), and cluster I (04). Group II and III had the greatest inter-cluster value (8.73811), proceeded by group III and group I (8.738105) which indicates a wider genetic base among the genotypes under study. For the twenty-three traits, different genetic traits were analyzed, including heritability (H2), genetic advance (GA), genetic advance as a percentage of mean (GAM), and phenotypic coefficient of variability and genotypic coefficient of variability (PCV & GCV). High PCV and GCV were noted respectively for the VL (26.93 and 26.24), number of stems per plant (28.12 and 21.03), LL (23.60 and 23.48), LW (21.21 and 21.09), FPL (37.53 and 36.74), FL (22.06 and 21.75), FD (22.65 and 22.60), FWT (39.77 and 49.76), FWM (51.07 and 51.01), FWR (51.97 and 51.79), fruits per plant (51.97 and 51.79), NSF (22.99 and 21.06), 100 Seed weight (141.25 and 141.25), MFYP (54.14 and 53.94) and MFYH (54.13 and 53.93). High GA as per cent grand mean was observed for VL (73.59%), number stem per plant (23.76%), FL (22.01%), FD (23.40%), FWT (24.07%), NFP (99.70%), 100 Seed weight (25.55%), MFYP (21.14%), MFYH (28.55%) and ascorbic acid (115.58%). The study provided a comprehensive of genetic variability of Momordica dioica for morphological and qualitative traits to support the development of gynoecious lines with specific traits.

Dataset Information

The diversity of quinoa morphological traits and seed metabolic composition.

Publications

The diversity of quinoa morphological traits and seed metabolic composition.

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