Dataset Information

A Soft Sensor for Bleeding Detection in Colonoscopies.

ABSTRACT: Colonoscopies allow surgeons to detect common diseases i.e. colorectal cancer, ulcers and other ailments. However, there is a risk of bleeding in the lower gastrointestinal (GI) tract while maneuvering endoscopes. This may be due to perforations, hemorrhaging, polyps, diverticuli or post-biopsy complications. Thus, it is essential for the surgeon to be able to detect bleeding at the site and evaluate the severity of blood leakage. This paper presents a soft sensor that can detect the presence of blood at the bleeding site during colonoscopies. The sensor consists of optical waveguides that interface with a microfluidic channel. Blood flow causes absorption and scattering of incident light that can be picked up by the optical sensing apparatus via light transmission through the waveguide. The surgeon can be alerted when bleeding occurs through a graphical user interface. The device is compact and measures only 1 mm thick. This allows the sensor to be circumferentially mounted onto a colonoscope at different locations. The sensor is able to record the presence of blood as an optical loss, rapidly detect the presence of blood in under 100 milliseconds as it enters the microchannel, and differentiate between gastric fluid and blood through changes in measured optical loss.

SUBMITTER: Gerald A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9216226 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A Soft Sensor for Bleeding Detection in Colonoscopies.

Gerald Arincheyan A McCandless Max M Sheth Avani A Aihara Hiroyuki H Russo Sheila S

Advanced intelligent systems (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) 20220220 4

Colonoscopies allow surgeons to detect common diseases i.e. colorectal cancer, ulcers and other ailments. However, there is a risk of bleeding in the lower gastrointestinal (GI) tract while maneuvering endoscopes. This may be due to perforations, hemorrhaging, polyps, diverticuli or post-biopsy complications. Thus, it is essential for the surgeon to be able to detect bleeding at the site and evaluate the severity of blood leakage. This paper presents a soft sensor that can detect the presence of ...[more]

PMID: 35757581

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Project description:The goal of the paper is the design of soft sensors for single input single output (SISO) nonlinear processes. This goal is of essential importance for process monitoring, fault detection and fault isolation. The observer-based technique, being a fruitful direction in soft sensor design, is followed to develop soft sensors for nonlinear processes with known dynamics and unknown physical parameters. A new and general approach, based on the identified I/O linear approximant system descriptions, around prespecified operating points, and a bank of switching linear observers, will be developed. The system property of the I/O reconstructability of the state space linear approximant of a nonlinear model is presented. The design of each observer is based on the I/O measurements and structural characteristics of the nonlinear process. Observer-oriented target areas are introduced, and the respective dense web principle is formulated. The design is completed by the design of a data-driven rule-based system, providing stepwise switching among the observers of the bank. The number of observers of the bank is equal to the number of the linear approximants of the nonlinear process model and is equal to the number of the respective target operating areas. The target operating areas are required to satisfy the dense web principle. The information provided by the soft sensor is the estimation of the non-measured variables of the process. The information used by the soft sensor is the identified I/O approximants of the process as well as the real time values of the measurement variables. The efficiency of the design scheme is illustrated through symbolic and numerical simulation results for a chemostat. The nonlinear model of the chemostat is initially approximated by a set of ten linear approximants. After, the I/O approximants are identified, the respective observers are designed and the target operating areas are determined, where several cases of the satisfaction of the dense web principle are investigated. The soft sensor is composed in terms of the designed observers. Simulation results illustrate the satisfactory performance of the designed soft sensor.

Project description:AimTo determine which patients might benefit most from retrograde viewing during colonoscopy through subset analysis of randomized, controlled trial data.MethodsThe Third Eye® Retroscope® Randomized Clinical Evaluation (TERRACE) was a randomized, controlled, multicenter trial designed to evaluate the efficacy of a retrograde-viewing auxiliary imaging device that is used during colonoscopy to provide a second video image which allows viewing of areas on the proximal aspect of haustral folds and flexures that are difficult to see with the colonoscope's forward view. We performed a post-hoc analysis of the TERRACE data to determine whether certain subsets of the patient population would gain more benefit than others from use of the device. Subjects were patients scheduled for colonoscopy for screening, surveillance or diagnostic workup, and each underwent same-day tandem examinations with standard colonoscopy (SC) and Third Eye colonoscopy (TEC), randomized to SC followed by TEC or vice versa.ResultsIndication for colonoscopy was screening in 176/345 subjects (51.0%), surveillance after previous polypectomy in 87 (25.2%) and diagnostic workup in 82 (23.8%). In 4 subjects no indication was specified. Previously reported overall results had shown a net additional adenoma detection rate (ADR) with TEC of 23.2% compared to SC. Relative risk (RR) of missing adenomas with SC vs TEC as the initial procedure was 1.92 (P = 0.029). Post-hoc subset analysis shows additional ADRs for TEC compared to SC were 4.4% for screening, 35.7% for surveillance, 55.4% for diagnostic and 40.7% for surveillance and diagnostic combined. The RR of missing adenomas with SC vs TEC was 1.11 (P = 0.815) for screening, 3.15 (P = 0.014) for surveillance, 8.64 (P = 0.039) for diagnostic and 3.34 (P = 0.003) for surveillance and diagnostic combined. Although a multivariate Poisson regression suggested gender as a possibly significant factor, subset analysis showed that the difference between genders was not statistically significant. Age, bowel prep quality and withdrawal time did not significantly affect the RR of missing adenomas with SC vs TEC. Mean sizes of adenomas detected with TEC and SC were similar at 0.59 cm and 0.56 cm, respectively (P = NS).ConclusionTEC allows detection of significantly more adenomas compared to SC in patients undergoing surveillance or diagnostic workup, but not in screening patients (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01044732).

Dataset Information

A Soft Sensor for Bleeding Detection in Colonoscopies.

Publications

A Soft Sensor for Bleeding Detection in Colonoscopies.

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