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Effects of exercise and dietary interventions on serum metabolites in men with insomnia symptoms: A 6-month randomized controlled trial.

ABSTRACT: Accumulating evidence show that exercise and diet interventions are associated with improved sleep quality. Studies investigating the effects of exercise and dieting on circulating metabolomics in people with sleep disorders, particularly insomnia, are scarce. This 6-month randomized study aimed to assess the effects of exercise and dietary interventions on serum metabolites in men with insomnia symptoms. Seventy-two Finnish men (age: 51.6 ± 10.1 years) with chronic insomnia symptoms who were assigned to different intervention groups completed this study (exercise, n = 24; diet, n = 27; and control, n = 21). The Shapiro-Wilk W-test, Levene test, Spearman correlation analysis, and analysis of variance were used for data analysis. We found that exercise and diet intervention were associated with improved sleep quality and with a number of metabolites across different biochemical pathways. Although we could not show causality, our findings provide new insight into the biological mechanisms underlying the health effects of physical activity, diet, and sleep quality. Further investigation is needed to better understand the link among lifestyle, sleep quality, and metabolic health.

SUBMITTER: Zhang X

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9219304 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Effects of exercise and dietary interventions on serum metabolites in men with insomnia symptoms: A 6-month randomized controlled trial.

Zhang Xiaobo X Wang Xiuqiang X Le Shenglong S Ojanen Xiaowei X Tan Xiao X Wiklund Petri P Cheng Sulin S

Sports medicine and health science 20200522 2

Accumulating evidence show that exercise and diet interventions are associated with improved sleep quality. Studies investigating the effects of exercise and dieting on circulating metabolomics in people with sleep disorders, particularly insomnia, are scarce. This 6-month randomized study aimed to assess the effects of exercise and dietary interventions on serum metabolites in men with insomnia symptoms. Seventy-two Finnish men (age: 51.6 ± 10.1 years) with chronic insomnia symptoms who were as ...[more]

PMID: 35784182

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Project description:BackgroundAging is associated with progressive loss of musculoskeletal performance. Exercise interventions can improve physical function in the elderly but there is a paucity of comparative assessments in order to understand what specific goals can be achieved particularly with less demanding exercise interventions readily accessible for untrained men.MethodsProspective randomized, controlled, single center exploratory trial to compare four distinct exercise interventions, i.e. Resistance Training (RT), Whole Body Vibration Exercise (WBV), Qi Gong (QG) and wearing a Spinal orthosis (SO) for 6 months in men at risk for osteoporosis aged 65-90 years. Primary endpoint was change in isometric one repetition maximum force trunk strength for extension (TSE) and flexion (TSF) compared to baseline, secondary endpoints covered key parameters of geriatric functional assessment, including Handgrip Strength (HS), Chair-Rise-Test (CRT), Usual Gait Speed (UGS) and Timed-Up-and-Go (TUG).ResultsAltogether 47 men (mean age 77 ±6.1 years) were randomized to RT, (n = 11) WBV (n = 13), QG (n = 10) and SO(n = 13). RT, defined as reference exercise intervention, lead to significant improvements for TSE (p = 0.009) and TSF (p = 0.013) and was significantly superior in the between-group analysis for TSE (p = 0.038). Vibration exercise caused sign. Improvements in TSE (p = 0.014) and CRT (p = 0.005), the Spinal orthosis improved CRT (p = 0.003) and Gait Speed (p = 0.027), while the QG intervention did not attain any sig. Developments.Subgroup analyses revealed most pronounced musculoskeletal progress in vulnerable patients (age ≥ 80 years, pre-sarcopenia, multimorbidity ≥3chronic diseases). Irrespective of the type of exercise, participants ≥80 years experienced significant gains in TSE (p = 0.029) and CRT (p = 0.017). Presarcopenic subjects (Skeletal muscle Index (SMI) ≤10.75 kg/m2) improved in TSE (p = 0.003), CRT (p = 0.001) and UGS (p = 0.016). Multimorbid participants achieved sig. Gains in TSE (p < 0.001), TSF (p = 0.002), UGS (p = 0.036) and HS (p = 0.046).ConclusionsIn this exploratory trial we found that simple exercise interventions are feasible in elderly men eliciting specific benefits, i.e. improvements are attained in those tasks addressed with the respective exercise modality. While targeted resistance training is superior in increasing TSE, alternative simple exercise interventions also appear to elicit beneficial effects, even in vulnerable patients, i.e. those with low muscle mass, above 80 years of age or multimorbidity.

Project description:BackgroundThe effects of exercise frequency and intensity on alleviating depressive symptoms in older adults with insomnia are unclear.PurposeThe purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of different exercise frequencies and intensities on prescribed aerobic-type physical activity (i.e., 75 min of vigorous-intensity exercise or 150 min of moderate-intensity exercise weekly) for reducing depressive symptoms in older adults living with insomnia, as recommended by the WHO.DesignThis study is a randomized, controlled, assessor-blinded trial.SettingThis study is conducted at a single research site in Hong Kong.ParticipantsThis study includes older adults aged 50 years or above with depressive symptoms and insomnia.InterventionParticipants were randomly assigned in a 1:1:1:1:1 ratio to the following groups: attention control (CON), moderate walking once weekly (MOD × 1/week), moderate walking thrice weekly (MOD × 3/week), vigorous walking once weekly (VIG × 1/week), and vigorous walking thrice weekly (VIG × 3/week). The total weekly exercise volumes among the walking groups were matched to the minimum recommended physical activity volume.MeasurementsDepression, anxiety, self-perceived sleep quality, insomnia severity, actigraphy-assessed 7-day sleep data, 7-day sleep diary, cardiorespiratory fitness, adherence, and habitual physical activity were examined at baseline and after 12 weeks of intervention.ResultsBoth MOD × 3/week and VIG × 3/week groups demonstrated reduced depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale [HADS] - Depression: MOD × 3/wk: -68.6%; VIG × 3/week: -67.4%) and anxiety levels (HADS - Anxiety: MOD × 3/week: -54.3%; VIG × 3/week: -59.8%) compared with CON (both p < 0.01). Self-perceived sleep quality was improved in MOD × 3/week (-31.4% of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index [PSQI]), VIG × 1/week (-34.1% of PSQI), and VIG × 3/week (-38.3% of PSQI), but not in MOD × 1/week, when compared with CON (p < 0.05). No serious adverse events were observed in this study.ConclusionThe effects of walking training on reducing depressive symptoms appeared to be dependent on exercise frequency. Our findings suggest that three sessions of walking per week at either moderate or vigorous-intensity effectively alleviate depressive symptoms in older adults with insomnia. Additional research is needed to further verify the effects of exercise frequency on depression.Clinical trial registration[ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier [NCT04354922].

Project description:Aims/hypothesisWe determined whether the time of day of exercise training (morning vs evening) would modulate the effects of consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) on glycaemic control, whole-body health markers and serum metabolomics.MethodsIn this three-armed parallel-group randomised trial undertaken at a university in Melbourne, Australia, overweight/obese men consumed an HFD (65% of energy from fat) for 11 consecutive days. Participants were recruited via social media and community advertisements. Eligibility criteria for participation were male sex, age 30-45 years, BMI 27.0-35.0 kg/m2 and sedentary lifestyle. The main exclusion criteria were known CVD or type 2 diabetes, taking prescription medications, and shift-work. After 5 days, participants were allocated using a computer random generator to either exercise in the morning (06:30 hours), exercise in the evening (18:30 hours) or no exercise for the subsequent 5 days. Participants and researchers were not blinded to group assignment. Changes in serum metabolites, circulating lipids, cardiorespiratory fitness, BP, and glycaemic control (from continuous glucose monitoring) were compared between groups.ResultsTwenty-five participants were randomised (morning exercise n = 9; evening exercise n = 8; no exercise n = 8) and 24 participants completed the study and were included in analyses (n = 8 per group). Five days of HFD induced marked perturbations in serum metabolites related to lipid and amino acid metabolism. Exercise training had a smaller impact than the HFD on changes in circulating metabolites, and only exercise undertaken in the evening was able to partly reverse some of the HFD-induced changes in metabolomic profiles. Twenty-four-hour glucose concentrations were lower after 5 days of HFD compared with the participants' habitual diet (5.3 ± 0.4 vs 5.6 ± 0.4 mmol/l, p = 0.001). There were no significant changes in 24 h glucose concentrations for either exercise group but lower nocturnal glucose levels were observed in participants who trained in the evening, compared with when they consumed the HFD alone (4.9 ± 0.4 vs 5.3 ± 0.3 mmol/l, p = 0.04). Compared with the no-exercise group, peak oxygen uptake improved after both morning (estimated effect 1.3 ml min-1 kg-1 [95% CI 0.5, 2.0], p = 0.003) and evening exercise (estimated effect 1.4 ml min-1 kg-1 [95% CI 0.6, 2.2], p = 0.001). Fasting blood glucose, insulin, cholesterol, triacylglycerol and LDL-cholesterol concentrations decreased only in participants allocated to evening exercise training. There were no unintended or adverse effects.Conclusions/interpretationA short-term HFD in overweight/obese men induced substantial alterations in lipid- and amino acid-related serum metabolites. Improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness were similar regardless of the time of day of exercise training. However, improvements in glycaemic control and partial reversal of HFD-induced changes in metabolic profiles were only observed when participants exercise trained in the evening.Trial registrationanzctr.org.au registration no. ACTRN12617000304336.FundingThis study was funded by the Novo Nordisk Foundation (NNF14OC0011493).

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Effects of exercise and dietary interventions on serum metabolites in men with insomnia symptoms: A 6-month randomized controlled trial.

Publications

Effects of exercise and dietary interventions on serum metabolites in men with insomnia symptoms: A 6-month randomized controlled trial.

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