Super-Enhancers, Phase-Separated Condensates, and 3D Genome Organization in Cancer.

ABSTRACT: 3D chromatin organization plays an important role in transcription regulation and gene expression. The 3D genome is highly maintained by several architectural proteins, such as CTCF, Yin Yang 1, and cohesin complex. This structural organization brings regulatory DNA elements in close proximity to their target promoters. In this review, we discuss the 3D chromatin organization of super-enhancers and their relationship to phase-separated condensates. Super-enhancers are large clusters of DNA elements. They can physically contact with their target promoters by chromatin looping during transcription. Multiple transcription factors can bind to enhancer and promoter sequences and recruit a complex array of transcriptional co-activators and RNA polymerase II to effect transcriptional activation.

SUBMITTER: Tang SC 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9221043 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature