Bacterial Nucleotidyl Cyclases Activated by Calmodulin or Actin in Host Cells: Enzyme Specificities and Cytotoxicity Mechanisms Identified to Date.

ABSTRACT: Many pathogens manipulate host cell cAMP signaling pathways to promote their survival and proliferation. Bacterial Exoenzyme Y (ExoY) toxins belong to a family of invasive, structurally-related bacterial nucleotidyl cyclases (NC). Inactive in bacteria, they use proteins that are uniquely and abundantly present in eukaryotic cells to become potent, unregulated NC enzymes in host cells. Other well-known members of the family include Bacillus anthracis Edema Factor (EF) and Bordetella pertussis CyaA. Once bound to their eukaryotic protein cofactor, they can catalyze supra-physiological levels of various cyclic nucleotide monophosphates in infected cells. Originally identified in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, ExoY-related NC toxins appear now to be more widely distributed among

SUBMITTER: Teixeira-Nunes M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9223806 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature