Extracellular vesicles originating from autophagy mediate an antibody-resistant spread of classical swine fever virus in cell culture.

ABSTRACT: Free spread is a classical mode for mammalian virus transmission. However, the efficiency of this transmission approach is generally low as there are structural barriers or immunological surveillances in the extracellular environment under physiological conditions. In this study, we systematically analyzed the spreading of classical swine fever virus (CSFV) using multiple viral replication analysis in combination with antibody neutralization, transwell assay, and electron microscopy, and identified an extracellular vesicle (EV)-mediated spreading of CSFV in cell cultures. In this approach, intact CSFV virions are enclosed within EVs and transferred into uninfected cells with the movement of EVs, leading to an antibody-resistant infection of the virus. Using fractionation assays, immunostai

SUBMITTER: Wang T 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9225397 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature