Epigenetic mechanisms regulate sex-specific bias in disease manifestations.

ABSTRACT: Sex presents a vital determinant of a person's physiology, anatomy, and development. Recent clinical studies indicate that sex is also involved in the differential manifestation of various diseases, affecting both clinical outcome as well as response to therapy. Genetic and epigenetic changes are implicated in sex bias and regulate disease onset, including the inactivation of the X chromosome as well as sex chromosome aneuploidy. The differential expression of X-linked genes, along with the presence of sex-specific hormones, exhibits a significant impact on immune system function. Several studies have revealed differences between the two sexes in response to infections, including respiratory diseases and COVID-19 infection, autoimmune disorders, liver fibrosis, neuropsychiatric diseases, a

SUBMITTER: Chlamydas S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9244100 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature