Cultural ecosystem services in European grasslands: A systematic review of threats.

ABSTRACT: The degradation of ecosystems threatens the provision of ecosystem services and limits human well-being. This systematic literature review evaluates the threats surrounding cultural ecosystem services (CES), namely recreation and landscape aesthetics in European permanent grasslands. We identified underlying causes, direct threats, consequences and suggested solutions for threat mitigation. The most common threats were land-use and management change processes, followed by social attitude, industrial developments and natural threats. However, recreational activities also created negative feedback, affecting the ecosystem, biodiversity and CES, most frequently in the form of various touristic activities. Suggested solutions were most commonly socio-economic and institutional measures to enha

SUBMITTER: Pellaton R 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9257557 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature