Project description:BackgroundAtrial tachyarrhythmias (ATs) are a major source of morbidity in the atrial septal defect (ASD) patient cohort. The optimal timing and approach of anti-arrhythmic intervention is currently unclear. Here, we sought to determine the overall rate of ATs following percutaneous ASD closure and risk factors that may predict this.MethodsA systematic search of the literature was performed using the search terms '(Secundum Atrial Septal Defects AND Atrial arrhythmias) AND (transcatheter closure or percutaneous closure or device closure)'. All studies in English reporting the rate of ATs following percutaneous closure of secundum ASDs in adult patients were included. The primary outcome was documented AT detection during follow-up ECG monitoring. A meta-regression was then performed to test for an interaction between demographic/procedural characteristics and the primary outcome.Results13 observational studies including 2366 patients were analysed. The overall post-procedure AT event detection rate was 8.6%. Multivariate meta-regression analysis revealed that only male gender was associated with a higher rate of post-procedure AT detection while utilisation of the Amplatzer Septal Occluder device was associated with a lower AT detection rate and comprised 96.2% of all devices used. A high level of heterogeneity was observed (I2-statistic 92.3%, Q value 156.8).ConclusionsOur study illustrates that despite percutaneous ASD closure, a high proportion of adult patients have ATs with male gender correlating with higher AT rates. While the Amplatzer Septal Occluder device correlated with lower AT rates, this was the overwhelmingly the predominant device used hence comparison to other devices remains challenging.
Project description:Complications after device closure of ostium secundum defects are rare but possible. We present a very late erosion of the interatrial septum after a percutaneous closure of an ostium secundum defect. Identification of early clinical and imaging clues associated with this condition is fundamental for a timely diagnosis and treatment. (Level of Difficulty: Intermediate.).
Project description:BackgroundAccording to the 2018 European Society of Cardiology guidelines, atrial septal defect (ASD) closure can be performed during pregnancy but is rarely indicated. In this case, we demonstrate the viability of percutaneous balloon-assisted ASD closure without fluoroscopy in a pregnant woman.Case summaryA 23-year-old G3P2A0 woman who was 20 weeks pregnant had primary complaints of breathlessness [New York Heart Association functional class (NYHA fc) III and IV] for 1 week prior to admission. A transthoracic echocardiography showed a dilatation of the right atrium (RA), a dilated right ventricle, a dilated main pulmonary artery (28.1 mm), and an oval-shaped 22 × 33 mm-sized secundum ASD with a left-to-right shunt. Despite optimal pharmacological treatment, the NYHA fc persisted. Under transoesophageal echocardiography monitoring, we introduced a 40 mm Cera™ ASD Occluder (Lifetech, China) via the delivery sheath. The device was deployed in the usual position; however, despite numerous placement adjustments, the left atrium disc kept getting dislodged to the RA and could not engage correctly. Therefore, we decided to use a balloon-assisted approach using a sizing balloon of No. 34 mm. The device was successfully positioned, and a wiggle test was conducted to make sure that the device remained stable. The patient was able to give birth to the child normally several months later.DiscussionDespite the fact that pregnant women with ASD receive a very low dose of radiation, it is nevertheless recommended to avoid radiation because this demographic is particularly vulnerable to it. It is possible to treat a large ASD in pregnant women with a successful balloon-assisted approach.
Project description:IntroductionSurgical closure of a large secundum atrial septal defect (ASD) with an absent superior or inferior rim is the standard method of management, but transcatheter closure of such a defect is possible and feasible.ObjectivesTo evaluate the feasibility, effectiveness, and safety of transcatheter closure of large secundum ASD with an absent superior or inferior rim through implantation of a cheatham platinum (CP) stent at the entrance of the superior vena cava (SVC) or inferior vena cava (IVC) into the right atrium (RA) to create a suitable rim for subsequent complete closure of the defect using a septal occluder. Patients and Methods. This case series was carried out at Ibn Al-Bitar Center for Cardiac Surgery, Baghdad, Iraq from 2014 to 2019, five patients underwent such transcatheter approach for closure of large secundum ASD with the absent superior or inferior rim by implantation of CP stent at the entrance of vena cave into the RA.ResultThe ages and weights of patients who were enrolled in this study ranged from 9-31 years (15.2 ± 9 years) and 31.5-62 kg (42.6 ± 12 kg). Three patients had absent superior rims, and the other two had absent inferior rims. The Q p /Q s was ranged from 1.9-3.2 (2.78 ± 0.29), and the mean pulmonary arterial pressure ranged from 22-29 mmHg (25.4 ± 3 mmHg). The defects with an absent superior rim were closed successfully by implantation of CP stents of 45, 45, and 39 mm to create a rim which supported the left atrial disc of 30, 38, and 32 mm atrial septal occluder (ASO), respectively, while large secundum ASD with an absent inferior rim could be effectively closed by implantation of two overlapping bare CP stents of 45 mm to create an IVC rim that supported 34 mm and 30 mm atrial septal occluder. Conclusion and recommendation. Transcatheter closure of large secundum ASD with absent superior or inferior rim is possible and effective by implantation of covered and bare CP stents at the entrance of SVC and IVC, respectively. Although these procedures are relatively difficult and challenging, especially in the closure of large defects associated with absent inferior rim, they carry a high risk of stent migration (8 zig, 45 mm), so we recommend using a CP-stent (10 zig, 60 mm).