Circulating Thrombomodulin: Release Mechanisms, Measurements, and Levels in Diseases and Medical Procedures.

ABSTRACT: Thrombomodulin (TM) is a type-I transmembrane protein that is mainly expressed on endothelial cells and plays important roles in many biological processes. Circulating TM of different forms are also present in biofluids, such as blood and urine. Soluble TM (sTM), comprised of several domains of TM, is the major circulating TM which is generated by either enzymatic or chemical cleavage of the intact protein under different conditions. Under normal conditions, sTM is present in low concentrations (<10 ng/mL) in the blood but is elevated in several pathological conditions associated with endothelial dysfunction such as cardiovascular, inflammatory, infection, and metabolic diseases. Therefore, sTM level has been examined for monitoring disease development, such as disseminated intravascular c

SUBMITTER: Boron M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9273331 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature