TNF-α Inhibitors and Other Biologic Agents for the Treatment of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Myocarditis.

ABSTRACT: With anti-PD-1 antibodies serving as a representative drug, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have become the main drugs used to treat many advanced malignant tumors. However, immune-related adverse events (irAEs), which might involve multiple organ disorders, should not be ignored. ICI-induced myocarditis is an uncommon but life-threatening irAE. Glucocorticoids are the first choice of treatment for patients with ICI-induced myocarditis, but high proportions of steroid-refractory and steroid-resistant cases persist. According to present guidelines, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) inhibitors are recommended for patients who fail to respond to steroid therapy and suffer from severe cardiac toxicity, although evidence-based studies are lacking. On the other hand, TNF-α inhibitors are c

SUBMITTER: Liu X 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9283712 | biostudies-literature | 2022

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature