Dataset Information

Myocarditis after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination: A systematic review of case reports and case series.

ABSTRACT:

Background

The coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic with over 266 million cases and 5 million deaths worldwide. Anti-COVID-19 vaccinations have had exceptional success in subduing the incidence, prevalence, and disease severity of COVID-19, but rare cases of myocarditis have been reported after COVID-19 vaccinations.

Hypothesis

Myocarditis occurring after COVID-19 mRNA vaccinations have distinguishable clinical characteristics. They usually have a favorable prognosis.

Methods

We performed a systematic literature search on PUBMED and MEDLINE database from inception to December 5, 2021. Studies were analyzed based on predetermined eligibility criteria.

Results

A total of 57 studies containing 275 cases of COVID-19 vaccine-associated myocarditis were catalogued. Mean age was 26.7 years and male to female ratio was 14:1. For 86.9% of patients, myocarditis occurred after the second dose. Average time to onset and length of hospitalization were 3.7 and 3.9 days, respectively. Prognosis was largely benign, but there was a 1.1% reported mortality. Chest pain (95.2%), elevation of troponin (100%), and ST elevation on electrocardiography (68.5%) were common. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (81.4%) were the most used medication, followed by colchicine (33.1%).

Conclusions

Patients with COVID-19 vaccine-associated myocarditis are usually younger males presenting with chest pain 3-4 days after receiving their second dose of COVID vaccine. Diagnosis is made by exclusion of all other etiologies. Given significant population benefit from COVID-19 vaccination, physicians should continue to encourage vaccination while remaining vigilant of the very rare occurrence of myocarditis following COVID-19 vaccination.

SUBMITTER: Park DY

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9286338 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Myocarditis after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination: A systematic review of case reports and case series.

Park Dae Yong DY An Seokyung S Kaur Amandeep A Malhotra Saurabh S Vij Aviral A

Clinical cardiology 20220602 7

<h4>Background</h4>The coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic with over 266 million cases and 5 million deaths worldwide. Anti-COVID-19 vaccinations have had exceptional success in subduing the incidence, prevalence, and disease severity of COVID-19, but rare cases of myocarditis have been reported after COVID-19 vaccinations.<h4>Hypothesis</h4>Myocarditis occurring after COVID-19 mRNA vaccinations have distinguishable clinical characteristics. They usually have a favorable ...[more]

PMID: 35652390

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Project description:ObjectivesTo determine whether spontaneous reporting rates of myocarditis and pericarditis differed in immunocompromised patients compared with the whole population overall, and in terms of demographics, vaccine dose and time-to-onset.DesignSystematic review of spontaneously reported data from the European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA), the USA and the UK.Data sourcesEudraVigilance (EU/EEA), Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS; USA) and the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (UK) spontaneous reporting databases were searched from date of vaccine launch to 1 December 2021.Eligibility criteriaPublicly available spontaneous reporting data for 'myocarditis' and 'pericarditis' from EU/EEA and USA following COVID-19 messenger RNA vaccines. Reports with comorbidities or concurrent medication indicative of transplantation, HIV infection or cancer ('immunocompromised' population) were compared with each overall database population.Data extraction and synthesisTwo researchers extracted data. Spontaneously reported events of myocarditis and pericarditis were presented for immunocompromised populations for each data source, stratified by age, sex, dose and time-to-onset (where available). Seriousness of each event was determined according to the International Conference on Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) Guideline E2A definition. Proportional reporting ratio (PRR) was calculated.ResultsThere were 178 reports of myocarditis and pericarditis among immunocompromised individuals overall. Seriousness was comparable between the immunocompromised and overall populations in both databases. No trends in age or sex were observed among immunocompromised individuals. Most reports followed a second vaccine dose and occurred within 14 days. The frequency of reporting was similar to the wider population (PRR=1.36 (95% CI=0.89 to 1.82) for VAERS population).ConclusionsMyocarditis and pericarditis following COVID-19 vaccination are very rare, and benefits of COVID-19 vaccination continue to outweigh any perceived risks. Reporting rates of myocarditis and pericarditis were similar in immunocompromised individuals, however defining characteristics differed compared with the whole population; therefore, continued monitoring of adverse events following vaccination remains vital to understand differences between population subgroups.

Dataset Information

Myocarditis after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination: A systematic review of case reports and case series.

Background

Hypothesis

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Myocarditis after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination: A systematic review of case reports and case series.

Similar Datasets

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