Experimental and Numerical Study on the Effect of NO2 on n-Butanol/Biodiesel Dual-Fuel Combustion in a Compression Ignition Engine
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Wang X
PROVIDER: S-EPMC9301733 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jul
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Similar Datasets
Project description:The present data study deals with the experimental analysis of performance, emission and combustion characteristics of CI engine fuelled with corn oil methyl ester biodiesel blend as alternative fuel. A two-step trans esterification process is used to produce the biodiesel. Furthermore, a characteristics study was carried out on the extracted corn oil methyl ester biodiesel blends over conventional fuel. Three different fuel blends namely B10, B20 and B30 were chosen and the performance, emission and combustion characteristics of these are compared to that of conventional diesel fuel. Eddy current dynamometer is used load the engine from no load to maximum load condition. Using AVL DiGAS 444 N gas analyser and AVL 346 smoke meter the emissions and smoke opacity of the fuel blends and diesel were measured respectively. The experimental performance, emission and combustion data's were presented.
| S-EPMC6838419 | biostudies-literature
Project description:This data article presents the experimental values pertaining to the bio-oil extraction, optimizing biodiesel production and formulation of emulsified fuel blends of E.tereticornisis bio-oil for its use in compression ignition engine. The E.tereticornisis leaves were collected from the interior region of Puducherry, India. Soxhlet extraction process, in the presence of n-hexane, yielded 5.2% of bio-oil. Based on the free fatty acid content, base catalysed transesterification process was adopted along with use of sodium hydroxide and methanol. Optimization of biodiesel yield was carried out by varying the operating parameters. A biodiesel yield of 74.19% was obtained at eighty minutes reaction duration, 1.8 l/g ms of sodium hydroxide, 70 °C reaction temperature and 8:1 oil to molar ratio. Furthermore, the physiochemical properties improved by emulsifying the obtained biodiesel with 5% of water in presence of surfactant through experiments carried out based on Taguchi׳s DOE method.
| S-EPMC6083299 | biostudies-literature
Project description:This data article is based on research work which examines the potential of Persea americana (Avocado) plant oil biodiesel and its blends as viable alternative to the environmentally degrading and virtually unsustainable fossil fuel (diesel) in direct-injection, compression-ignition engines. The Avocado biodiesel was synthesized by a single-process, methanol-catalyzed transesterification reaction under optimum conditions. The cold flow and critical properties of the produced biodiesel and its blends were analyzed by using America standard for testing materials (ASTM) procedures. Data on performance and combustion characteristics of the biodiesel and its blends on test engine HR178FA/FAE Single Cylinder, 4-Stroke, air-cooled, direct-injection, compression-ignition diesel engine at various engine loads of 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% are provided. The emission and smoke opacity characteristics were measured by a nova 7460 exhaust gas analyzer and AVL 437 smoke meter respectively.
| S-EPMC6240667 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The synthesis of 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural (HMF) and conversion to the corresponding HMF-monoesters upon certain treatment are presented with their properties that are validated in a diesel engine. With a collection of fatty acids (C8-C18) using cyanuric acid as a catalyst under mild reaction conditions, the subsequent reduction of the HMF-monoesters with NaBH4 produced the corresponding alcohols. After purification, both HMF-monoesters and their alcohol derivatives were determined for their solubility, cetane index, heat of combustion, viscosity, and specific gravity. HMF-Capric (1-C10), HMF-Oleic (1-C18:1), HMF-Caprylic-OH (2-C8), and HMF-Oleic-OH (2-C18:1) were soluble in a neat diesel fuel. The observed highest cetane index and heat of combustion of 1-C10 and 1-C18:1 were evaluated for combustion characteristics in a single-cylinder compression ignition engine. The diesel fuel containing 3% 1-C10 displayed comparable properties during burning in terms of thermal efficiency, cylinder pressure, and heat release rate with respect to the neat diesel fuel (D100) for all usage engine speeds. In general, all tested fuels initiated their burning onset with a similar ignition delay period. The 3% 1-C10-blended diesel fuel emitted slightly higher smoke opacity but an equivalent nitric oxide level compared to those of D100. The HMF-Capric (1-C10) synthesized in this study represents a promising additive for diesel fuel. Blended fuel lubricity and other unregulated emissions upon broader engine test cycles are suggested to be accomplished in future work.
| S-EPMC10193541 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Biofuels represent an energy option to mitigate polluting gases. However, technical problems must be solved, one of them is to improve the combustion process. In this study, the geometry of a piston head for a diesel engine was redesigned. The objective was to improve the combustion process and reduce polluting emissions using biodiesel blends as the fuel. The methodology used was the mechanical engineering design process. A commercial piston (base piston) was selected as a reference model to assess the piston head's redesign. Changes were applied to the profile of the piston head based on previous research and a new model was obtained. Both models were evaluated and analyzed using the finite element method, where the most relevant physical conditions were temperature and pressure. Numerical simulations in the base piston and the new piston redesign proposal presented similar behaviors and results. However, with the proposed piston, it was possible to reduce the effort and the material. The proposed piston profile presents adequate results and behaviors. In future, we suggest continuing conducting simulations and experimental tests to assess its performance.
| S-EPMC8197454 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) combustion is a potential candidate for dealing with the stringent regulations on vehicle emissions while still providing very good energy efficiency. Despite the promising results obtained in preliminary studies, the lack of autoignition control has delayed its launch in the engine industry. In the development of the HCCI concept, the availability of reliable computer models has proved extremely valuable, due to their flexibility and lower cost compared with experiments using real engines. In order to obtain the best formulation of a fuel surrogate formulated with n-heptane, toluene and cyclohexane that efficiently estimate the autoignition behaviour, regression adjustments are made to the Root-Mean-Square Errors (RMSE) of experimental Starts of Combustion (SOC) from the modeled SOC. The canonical form of the Scheffé polynomials is widely used to fit the data from mixture experiments, however the experimenter might have only partial knowledge. In this paper we present the adaptation of the robust methodology for possibly misspecified blending model and an algorithm to obtain tailor-made optimal designs for mixture experiments, instead of using standard designs which are indiscriminately employed, to make good estimations of the parameters blending model. We maximize the determinant of the mean squared error matrix of the least square estimator over a realistic neighbourhood of the fitted regression mixture model. The maximized determinant is then minimized over the class of possible designs, yielding an optimal design. Thus, the computed desings are robust to the exact form of the true blending model. Standard mixture designs, as the simplex lattice, are around 25% efficient for estimation purposes compared with the designs obtained in this work when deviances from the considered model occur during the experiments. Once an optimal-robust design was selected (based on the level of certainty about model adequacy), we computed the optimal mixture that best reproduces the combustion property to be imitated. Optimal mixtures obtained when the considered model is inadequate agree with the results achieved in empirical studies, which validates the methodology proposed in this work.
| S-EPMC7316266 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Flying cars, essentially vertical takeoff and landing aircraft (VTOL), are an emerging, disruptive technology that is expected to reshape future transportation. VTOLs can be powered by battery electric, fuel cell, or internal combustion engine, which point to entirely different needs for industry expertise, research & development, supply chain, and infrastructure supports. A pre-analysis of the propulsion technology competition is crucial to avoid potential wrong directions of research, investment, and policy making efforts. In this study, we comprehensively examined the cost competitiveness of the three propulsion technologies. Here we show that battery electric has already become the lowest-cost option for below-200-km VTOL applications, covering intra-city and short-range inter-city travels. This cost advantage can be robustly strengthened in the long term under various technology development scenarios. Battery energy density improvement is the key to reducing cost. In particular, a 600 Wh/kg battery energy density provides battery electric with all-range cost advantage, and promises high return in business. Fuel cell and internal combustion engine, under certain technology development scenarios, can obtain cost advantage in long-range applications, but face intense competition from ground transportation such as high-speed rail. The findings suggest a battery-electric-prioritized VTOL development strategy, and the necessity of developing VTOL-customized high-energy-density batteries.
| S-EPMC10013336 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The use of renewable biodiesel and additives diversifies transportation fuel supply. Combustion tests on neat ultra-low sulfur No.2 diesel (D100) and its blends with biodiesel and the n-butanol additive were conducted to investigate environmental impacts and tradeoffs in engine emission and power output. The testing results show measurable changes in power output and engine emission, particularly in diesel particulate matter (DPM) size distribution and black carbon compositions. The binary diesel-biodiesel blend D80B20 (80% D100 and 20%B100 by volume) offers reduced PM and black carbon emission, but higher NOx in engine exhaust. Comparatively the tertiary diesel-biodiesel-butanol blend B15Bu5 (80% D100, 15% B100, and 5% Bu100 by volume) shows superior environmental tradeoff in the black carbon and NOx emission than D80B20. Both fuel blends suffer a 3.0-5.6% increase in brake-specific fuel consumption. At higher combustion temperature, the butanol-oxygenated diesel fuel produces DPMs of smaller size, higher number concentrations, greater OC fractions, and more amorphous black carbon particles. The peak DPM aerodynamic size dp max for D80B20 and B15Bu5 blends is 0.20-0.32 μm, smaller than > 0.40 μm dp max for D100 and the 0.30 μm cut-off size of regular DPM filters. For an internal combustion engine capable of accommodating biodiesel and water fraction in the fuel mixture, the B15Bu5 blend offers a viable fuel alternative according to the comparative testing results. The use of biodiesel and butanol additive in petroleum diesel can decrease the DPM emission, while the undesired NOx formation in tradeoff can be managed through optimizing the tertiary composition of petroleum diesel, biodiesel, and fuel additives.
| S-EPMC8672868 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Heavy fuel oil (HFO) particulate matter (PM) emitted by marine engines is known to contain toxic heavy metals, including vanadium (V) and nickel (Ni). The toxicity of such metals will depend on the their chemical state, size distribution, and mixing state. Using online soot-particle aerosol mass spectrometry (SP-AMS), we quantified the mass of five metals (V, Ni, Fe, Na, and Ba) in HFO-PM soot particles produced by a marine diesel research engine. The in-soot metal concentrations were compared to in-PM2.5 measurements by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). We found that <3% of total PM2.5 metals was associated with soot particles, which may still be sufficient to influence in-cylinder soot burnout rates. Since these metals were most likely present as oxides, whereas studies on lower-temperature boilers report a predominance of sulfates, this result implies that the toxicity of HFO PM depends on its combustion conditions. Finally, we observed a 4-to-25-fold enhancement in the ratio V:Ni in soot particles versus PM2.5, indicating an enrichment of V in soot due to its lower nucleation/condensation temperature. As this enrichment mechanism is not dependent on soot formation, V is expected to be generally enriched within smaller HFO-PM particles from marine engines, enhancing its toxicity.
| S-EPMC5990929 | biostudies-literature
Project description:This work shows the implementation and development of a set of virtual instruments focused on recording the physical parameters of a compression ignition engine that operates with diesel-biodiesel, 95% diesel and 5% soybean biodiesel. The components of the engine are constituted by several individual virtual instruments (VI) with the objective of registering parameters such as temperature (VITM), revolutions per minute (VIMRPM), fuel consumption (VIMFC), emission of gases such as oxygen (VIMO) and rust nitric (VIMNO). As a result of the research, the software development, hardware of each of the VIs is presented using the virtual programming platform Labview 2015®, the calibration of the O2 sensors, NO and the result of the operation of the engine at 850 rpm constant an ambient temperature of 25 ℃, a relative humidity of 40% and an operating temperature at the engine head of 65 ℃, obtain a fuel consumption of 0.0616 l/min and an average emission of O2 10% and for the NO 540 ppm. •Implementation of virtual instrument focused on evaluate the physical parameters of CI engine operate with diesel-biodiesel.•The engine runs at 850 RPM under controlled conditions of 25 ℃ and a 40% RH with B5 mixture.•Engine emissions are constant and stable at 10% Vol. O2 and 540 ppm of NO.
| S-EPMC6909051 | biostudies-literature