Dataset Information

Effect of Intramammary Dry Cow Antimicrobial Treatment on Fresh Cow's Milk Microbiota in California Commercial Dairies.

ABSTRACT: This study used 16S rRNA sequencing to evaluate the effects of dry cow antimicrobial therapy on the udder milk microbiota by comparing the microbial populations in milk at dry-off (DRY) (~60 days before calving) and post-partum (FRESH) (4-11 days after calving) from cows receiving an intramammary antibiotic infusion prior to dry-off (IMT) and cows that did not receive treatment (CTL). Milk was collected from 23 cows from the IMT group and 27 cows from the CTL group. IMT and DRY samples had a greater correlation with the genera Brevibacterium and Amaricoccus, and the family Micrococcaceae, when compared to IMT and FRESH samples. CTL group samples collected at DRY had a greater correlation with the genera Akkermansia and Syntrophus, when compared to FRESH samples; no bacterial taxa were observed to have a significant correlation with FRESH samples in the CTL group. DRY samples collected from the CTL group had a greater correlation with the genus Mogibacterium when compared to IMT and CTL samples. For DRY samples collected from the IMT group, a greater correlation with the genus Alkalibacterium when compared to DRY and CTL samples, was observed. The lack of a correlation for FRESH samples between the CTL and IMT treatment groups indicated that intramammary antimicrobial dry cow therapy had no significant effect on the udder milk microbiota post-partum.

SUBMITTER: Basbas C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9312063 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Effect of Intramammary Dry Cow Antimicrobial Treatment on Fresh Cow's Milk Microbiota in California Commercial Dairies.

Basbas Carl C Aly Sharif S Okello Emmanuel E Karle Betsy M BM Lehenbauer Terry T Williams Deniece D Ganda Erika E Wiedmann Martin M Pereira Richard V RV

Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) 20220718 7

This study used 16S rRNA sequencing to evaluate the effects of dry cow antimicrobial therapy on the udder milk microbiota by comparing the microbial populations in milk at dry-off (DRY) (~60 days before calving) and post-partum (FRESH) (4-11 days after calving) from cows receiving an intramammary antibiotic infusion prior to dry-off (IMT) and cows that did not receive treatment (CTL). Milk was collected from 23 cows from the IMT group and 27 cows from the CTL group. IMT and DRY samples had a gre ...[more]

PMID: 35884217

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Project description:A field study was performed to assess safety of smallholder fresh cow's milk around Mongu, Western Province, Zambia. This involved observation and sampling of milk along the value chain from milking to point-of-sale and storage. Samples were collected from 86 cows, from 9 farmers, selling through two dairy cooperatives, with additional samples from informal markets. Production was very low; around one litre/day/cow and 10 L/day/herd. The milk was typically transported by bicycle in high ambient temperatures without refrigeration until reaching the point-of-sale (journey times of 30-120 min), where it was sold without pasteurisation despite milk-borne zoonoses being endemic (bovine tuberculosis (bTB) and Brucellosis). Although microbiological contamination was initially low, with geometric mean total bacterial count (TBC) of 425 cfu/mL (cfu = colony forming units) upon arrival at point-of-sale, poor hygiene led to high bacterial loads later on (geometric mean TBC > 600,000 cfu/mL after two days refrigeration), with almost all samples culture positive for Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. After milking, milk was kept for 100-223 min at temperatures favouring microbial growth (median 34 °C) and sold without a microbial kill step. In this situation limited variation in observed standards of milk hygiene had no significant effect on milk end-product bacterial counts. Options for refrigerated transport are limited. Pasteurisation at the cooperative should be investigated, as this would largely remove pathogenic microbes present in the milk whether resulting from cattle infection or poor hygiene during milking and transportation. As milk is also purchased directly from producers, on-farm milk heating options should also be assessed. Smallholders may benefit from access to national markets by providing milk to large dairies, which have systems for ensuring safety. However, this requires significant investment and an increased and more consistent supply of milk; and many consumers, unable to afford milk sold through formal sectors, would not benefit.

Project description:Intramammary dry-off treatment is widely considered an effective method for preventing and curing intramammary infection (IMI) in lactating cows; however, it is not commonly used in small ruminants like goats. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the effect of an approved cefazolin-based intramammary treatment on the milk microbiota of Alpine dairy goats during the dry and early lactation periods. Sixty goats were randomly selected based on bacteriological results and randomly allocated into the control group (CG) or the treatment group (TG). Cefazolin 250 mg (Cefovet A, Dopharma, Firenze, Italy) was administered to the TG group at dry-off, whereas the CG received no treatment. Pooled milk samples were collected at dry-off (T1; 52 samples), colostrum (T2; 46 samples), and 5-10 days in milk (T3; 55 samples) for bacteriological analysis, somatic cell count (SCC), and 16 S rRNA gene sequencing. SCC levels were initially high in both groups at T1 (TG: 1,588,000 cells/mL; CG: 1,629,000 cells/mL), which significantly decreased at T3 (TG: 148,000 cells/mL; CG: 153,000 cells/mL). Notably, the TG had fewer infected mammary glands than the CG at T3 (p = 0.0248), while no differences were found at T1 or T2. Despite the reduction in SCC and infection rates, cefazolin-based treatment did not significantly affect the alpha- and beta-diversity between the TG and CG. On the other hand, shifts in microbial composition, including fluctuations in Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria, were primarily due to the lactation stage rather than the treatment. Differential abundance analyses identified non-pathogenic genera, such as Acinetobacter, Bacteroides, and Paracoccus, that varied between groups at different timepoints. The study provided insights into the effects of cefazolin-based dry goat treatment on goat milk microbiota and its changes during the lactation cycle, demonstrating its potential to reduce SCC and mammary gland infections without significant alterations to the milk microbiota.

Dataset Information

Effect of Intramammary Dry Cow Antimicrobial Treatment on Fresh Cow's Milk Microbiota in California Commercial Dairies.

Publications

Effect of Intramammary Dry Cow Antimicrobial Treatment on Fresh Cow's Milk Microbiota in California Commercial Dairies.

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