From Disease and Patient Heterogeneity to Precision Medicine in Type 1 Diabetes.

ABSTRACT: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) remains a devastating disease that requires much effort to control. Life-long daily insulin injections or an insulin pump are required to avoid severe complications. With many factors contributing to disease onset, T1D is a complex disease to cure. In this review, the risk factors, pathophysiology and defect pathways are discussed. Results from (pre)clinical studies are highlighted that explore restoration of insulin production and reduction of autoimmunity. It has become clear that treatment responsiveness depends on certain pathophysiological or genetic characteristics that differ between patients. For instance, age at disease manifestation associated with efficacy of immune intervention therapies, such as depleting islet-specific effector T cells or memory B cells

SUBMITTER: den Hollander NHM 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9314738 | biostudies-literature | 2022

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature