Dataset Information

Proactive and Reactive Recruitment of Black and Latino Adolescents in a Vaping Prevention Randomized Controlled Trial.

ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to assesses the effectiveness of proactive and reactive methods in the recruitment of Black and Latino adolescents into a vaping-prevention randomized controlled trial (RCT). This study also assessed the characteristics of study participants by recruitment method. Proactive recruitment strategies included study presentations at community-based events (e.g., festivals, health fairs), school-based events (e.g., back-to-school events, after-school programs), and recreational centers (e.g., fitness centers, malls). Reactive recruitment strategies included study advertisements via social media (e.g., Facebook posts shared by local community-based organizations), word of mouth, and an academic-based research hub. Using proactive and reactive methods, in a 4-month period, 362 Black and Latino adolescents were successfully enrolled into the RCT. Compared to the proactive method, adolescents screened reactively were equally likely to be eligible but significantly more likely to enroll in the study. However, both proactive and reactive strategies made notable contributions to the overall recruitment effort. Moreover, proactive and reactive methods attracted adolescents with different characteristics (e.g., age, gender, sexual orientation, etc.). These findings suggest that both proactive and reactive recruitment strategies should be implemented for studies interested in recruiting a diverse sample of Black and Latino adolescents.

SUBMITTER: Cartujano-Barrera F

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9321256 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Proactive and Reactive Recruitment of Black and Latino Adolescents in a Vaping Prevention Randomized Controlled Trial.

Cartujano-Barrera Francisco F Hernández-Torres Ruthmarie R Orfin Rafael H RH Chávez-Iñiguez Arlette A Alvarez Lopez Olga O Azogini Chiamaka C Bermudez Diana D Arana-Chicas Evelyn E Cai Xueya X McIntosh Scott S Ossip Deborah J DJ Cupertino Ana Paula AP

Children (Basel, Switzerland) 20220622 7

The purpose of this study was to assesses the effectiveness of proactive and reactive methods in the recruitment of Black and Latino adolescents into a vaping-prevention randomized controlled trial (RCT). This study also assessed the characteristics of study participants by recruitment method. Proactive recruitment strategies included study presentations at community-based events (e.g., festivals, health fairs), school-based events (e.g., back-to-school events, after-school programs), and recrea ...[more]

PMID: 35883921

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Project description:BackgroundAdolescent and young adult use of electronic nicotine delivery systems ("vaping") has increased rapidly since 2018. There is a dearth of evidence-based vaping cessation interventions for this vulnerable population. Social media use is common among young people, and smoking cessation groups on social media have shown efficacy in the past. The objective of this study is to describe the protocol for a randomized controlled trial (RCT) testing the efficacy of an Instagram-based vaping cessation intervention for adolescents and young adults.MethodsAdolescents and young adults aged 13-21 residing in California who have vaped at least once per week in the past 30 days will be recruited through social media ads, community partners, and youth serving organizations. Participants will be randomly assigned to intervention or control conditions: the intervention group takes place on Instagram, where participants receive up to 3 posts per weekday for 25 days over 5 weeks; the control group will be directed to kickitca.org, a website offering links to chatline and texting cessation services operated by the California Smokers' Helpline. The primary outcome is biochemically verified 7-day point prevalence abstinence for nicotine vaping; secondary outcomes are vaping reduction by 50% or more, vaping quit attempts, readiness to quit vaping, confidence in ability to quit, desire to quit, commitment to abstinence, and use of evidence-based cessation strategies. Both the primary outcome and secondary outcomes will be assessed immediately, 3 months, and 6 months after the treatment.DiscussionThis is the first RCT to test a vaping cessation intervention delivered through Instagram. If effective, it will be one of the first evidence-based interventions to address vaping among adolescents and young adults and add to the evidence base for social media interventions for this population.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04707911, registered on January 13, 2021.

Project description:ContextAdolescent offspring of depressed parents are at markedly increased risk of developing depressive disorders. Although some smaller targeted prevention trials have found that depression risk can be reduced, these results have yet to be replicated and extended to large-scale, at-risk populations in different settings.ObjectiveTo determine the effects of a group cognitive behavioral (CB) prevention program compared with usual care in preventing the onset of depression.Design, setting, and participantsA multicenter randomized controlled trial conducted in 4 US cities in which 316 adolescent (aged 13-17 years) offspring of parents with current or prior depressive disorders were recruited from August 2003 through February 2006. Adolescents had a past history of depression, current elevated but subdiagnostic depressive symptoms, or both. Assessments were conducted at baseline, after the 8-week intervention, and after the 6-month continuation phase.InterventionAdolescents were randomly assigned to the CB prevention program consisting of 8 weekly, 90-minute group sessions followed by 6 monthly continuation sessions or assigned to receive usual care alone.Main outcome measureRate and hazard ratio (HR) of a probable or definite depressive episode (ie, depressive symptom rating score of > or = 4) for at least 2 weeks as diagnosed by clinical interviewers.ResultsThrough the postcontinuation session follow-up, the rate and HR of incident depressive episodes were lower for those in the CB prevention program than for those in usual care (21.4% vs 32.7%; HR, 0.63; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.40-0.98). Adolescents in the CB prevention program also showed significantly greater improvement in self-reported depressive symptoms than those in usual care (coefficient, -1.1; z = -2.2; P = .03). Current parental depression at baseline moderated intervention effects (HR, 5.98; 95% CI, 2.29-15.58; P = .001). Among adolescents whose parents were not depressed at baseline, the CB prevention program was more effective in preventing onset of depression than usual care (11.7% vs 40.5%; HR, 0.24; 95% CI, 0.11-0.50), whereas for adolescents with a currently depressed parent, the CB prevention program was not more effective than usual care in preventing incident depression (31.2% vs 24.3%; HR, 1.43; 95% CI, 0.76-2.67).ConclusionThe CB prevention program had a significant prevention effect through the 9-month follow-up period based on both clinical diagnoses and self-reported depressive symptoms, but this effect was not evident for adolescents with a currently depressed parent.Trial registrationclinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00073671.

Project description:Rates of HIV diagnoses among young Black and Latino sexual minority men (SMM) have continued to increase since 2011; meanwhile, overall rates in the USA have decreased. Despite their importance, academic and medical institutions have often struggled to engage and recruit racial and ethnic minority SMM in HIV prevention services and research. The current study compares the success of two strategies for recruiting racial and ethnic minority SMM. Recruitment occurred in the context of a larger implementation study testing the effectiveness of a substance use and HIV prevention intervention among SMM at high risk for HIV infection. SMM (n = 778) were reached through either (1) field-based outreach conducted by two local community-based organizations (CBOs) delivering the intervention or (2) online recruitment coordinated by the trial's academic research partner. Field-based recruitment reached a significantly larger proportion of Black (42.9% vs. 18.2% reached online) and Latino individuals (40.3% vs. 28.1% reached online). Although online recruitment reached a greater proportion of SMM who met trial eligibility criteria (58.4% vs. 35.3% for field-based outreach; χ2(1) = 38.471, p < .001), a greater proportion of eligible participants identified through field-based outreach actually enrolled into the study trial (30.9% vs. 18.8% for online recruitment; χ2(1) = 7.82, p < .01). As a result, field-based recruitment required fewer recruitment staff hours (2.62 per enrolled participant) than online recruitment (3.46 recruitment staff hours per enrolled participant). Findings illustrate the potential for field-based, CBO-executed recruitment to reach Black and Latino SMM and for CBOs to successfully enroll those identified as eligible. Future prevention and implementation research should routinely engage community partners in the development of study recruitment strategies in a manner that can inform outreach and marketing efforts for HIV prevention research and prevention. Clinicaltrials.gov = NCT03488914.

Project description:BackgroundEmergency Departments (EDs) are a first point-of-contact for many youth with mental health and suicidality concerns and can serve as an effective recruitment source for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of mental health interventions. However, recruitment in acute care settings is impeded by several challenges. This pilot RCT of a youth suicide prevention intervention recruited adolescents aged 12 to 17 years presenting to a pediatric hospital ED with suicide related behaviors.MethodsRecruitment barriers were identified during the initial study recruitment period and included: the time of day of ED presentations, challenges inherent to study presentation, engagement and participation during an acute presentation, challenges approaching and enrolling acutely suicidal patients and families, ED environmental factors, and youth and parental concerns regarding the study. We calculated the average recruitment productivity for published trials of adolescent suicide prevention strategies which included the ED as a recruitment site in order to compare our recruitment productivity.ResultsIn response to identified barriers, an enhanced ED-centered recruitment strategy was developed to address low recruitment rate, specifically (i) engaging a wider network of ED and outpatient psychiatry staff (ii) dissemination of study pamphlets across multiple areas of the ED and relevant outpatient clinics. Following implementation of the enhanced recruitment strategy, the pre-post recruitment productivity, a ratio of patients screened to patients randomized, was computed. A total of 120 patients were approached for participation, 89 (74.2%) were screened and 45 (37.5%) were consented for the study from March 2018 to April 2019. The screening to randomization ratio for the study period prior to the introduction of the enhanced recruitment strategies was 3:1, which decreased to 1.8:1 following the implementation of enhanced recruitment strategies. The ratio for the total recruitment period was 2.1:1. This was lower than the average ratio of 3.2:1 for published trials.ConclusionsEDs are feasible sites for participant recruitment in RCTs examining new interventions for acute mental health problems, including suicidality. Engaging multi-disciplinary ED staff to support recruitment for such studies, proactively addressing anticipated concerns, and creating a robust recruitment pathway that includes approach at outpatient appointments can optimize recruitment.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov : NCT03488602 , retrospectively registered April 4, 2018.

Dataset Information

Proactive and Reactive Recruitment of Black and Latino Adolescents in a Vaping Prevention Randomized Controlled Trial.

Publications

Proactive and Reactive Recruitment of Black and Latino Adolescents in a Vaping Prevention Randomized Controlled Trial.

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