The Patterning and Proportion of Charged Residues in the Arginine-Rich Mixed-Charge Domain Determine the Membrane-Less Organelle Targeted by the Protein.

ABSTRACT: Membrane-less organelles (MLOs) are formed by biomolecular liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS). Proteins with charged low-complexity domains (LCDs) are prone to phase separation and localize to MLOs, but the mechanism underlying the distributions of such proteins to specific MLOs remains poorly understood. Recently, proteins with Arg-enriched mixed-charge domains (R-MCDs), primarily composed of R and Asp (D), were found to accumulate in nuclear speckles via LLPS. However, the process by which R-MCDs selectively incorporate into nuclear speckles is unknown. Here, we demonstrate that the patterning of charged amino acids and net charge determines the targeting of specific MLOs, including nuclear speckles and the nucleolus, by proteins. The redistribution of R and D residues from an alterna

SUBMITTER: Miyagi T 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9324279 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature