Degree of food processing and breast cancer risk in black urban women from Soweto, South African: the South African Breast Cancer study.

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to investigate the association between consumption of ultra-processed foods, whole foods and breast cancer risk in black women from Soweto, South Africa. A population-based case (n 396)-control (n 396) study matched on age and residence, using data from the South African Breast Cancer study. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated quantified FFQ. Food items were categorised using the NOVA system ((1) unprocessed/minimally processed foods, (2) culinary ingredients, (3) processed foods and (4) ultra-processed foods). Conditional logistic regression models were used to estimate OR and 95 % CI of dietary contributions from each NOVA food group (as a percentage of total energy intake (EI)) and adjusting for potential confounders. Considering contributions to

SUBMITTER: Jacobs I 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9346100 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature