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Food insecurity and patterns of dietary intake in a sample of UK adults.

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to identify the dietary intake correlates of food insecurity (FI) in UK adults. We recruited groups of low-income participants who were classified as food insecure (n 196) or food secure (n 198). Participants completed up to five 24 h dietary recalls. There was no difference in total energy intake by FI status (βFI = -0·06, 95 % CI - 0·25, 0·13). Food insecure participants consumed a less diverse diet, as evidenced by fewer distinct foods per meal (βFI = -0·27, 95 % CI - 0·47, -0·07), and had more variable time gaps between meals (βFI = 0·21, 95 % CI 0·01, 0·41). These associations corresponded closely to those found in a recent US study using similar measures, suggesting that the dietary intake signature of FI generalises across populations. The findings suggest that the consequences of FI for weight gain and health are not due to increased energy intake. We suggest that there may be important health and metabolic effects of temporal irregularity in dietary intake, which appears to be an important component of FI.

SUBMITTER: Shinwell J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9346616 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Food insecurity and patterns of dietary intake in a sample of UK adults.

Shinwell Jackie J Bateson Melissa M Nettle Daniel D Pepper Gillian V GV

The British journal of nutrition 20210923 4

The aim of this study was to identify the dietary intake correlates of food insecurity (FI) in UK adults. We recruited groups of low-income participants who were classified as food insecure (n 196) or food secure (n 198). Participants completed up to five 24 h dietary recalls. There was no difference in total energy intake by FI status (βFI = -0·06, 95 % CI - 0·25, 0·13). Food insecure participants consumed a less diverse diet, as evidenced by fewer distinct foods ...[more]

PMID: 34551836

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Project description:BackgroundGrowing research has highlighted associations between food insecurity and eating-related problems. Food addiction is one important, clinically significant pattern of problematic eating, which is related to, but distinct from, eating disorders. To date, there is only one study examining the association between food insecurity and food addiction, to our knowledge. Additional research is needed to understand the complexities of this association.ObjectiveWe examined the association between food insecurity and food addiction in a large, national convenience sample of lower-income adults and potential heterogeneity in this association by age, gender, race, and ethnicity.DesignA cross-sectional, web-based study was conducted among 1780 US adults (≥18 y) with household incomes <250% of the federal poverty guideline. Household food security was assessed using the Household Food Security Survey Module. Food addiction was assessed using the modified Yale Food Addiction Scale (mYFAS), version 2.0. Multivariate logistic regression models examined the associations between food insecurity and food addiction, adjusting for sociodemographic covariates.ResultsThe prevalence of food addiction was 7.3%, and the prevalence of food insecurity was 51%. Compared with adults with food security, adults with food insecurity endorsed each mYFAS symptom with significantly greater frequency, including failure to fulfill major role obligations (20%), continued use despite social or interpersonal problems (18%), and craving or strong desire to use (16%). After adjustment, food insecurity was associated with 3.82-fold higher odds of food addiction (95% CI 2.36, 6.19), with no significant heterogeneity by age, gender, or race and ethnicity. The most problematic foods reported by adults with food insecurity were chips, nondiet soda, chocolate, pizza, and ice cream.ConclusionThese findings provide additional support for the association between food insecurity and food addiction. Mechanistic studies are needed to explore the role of psychosocial factors, eating behaviors, and the food environment in contributing to these associations.

Dataset Information

Food insecurity and patterns of dietary intake in a sample of UK adults.

Publications

Food insecurity and patterns of dietary intake in a sample of UK adults.

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