Differentially Active and Conserved Neural Enhancers Define Two Forms of Adaptive Noncoding Evolution in Humans.

ABSTRACT: The human and chimpanzee genomes are strikingly similar, but our neural phenotypes are very different. Many of these differences are likely driven by changes in gene expression, and some of those changes may have been adaptive during human evolution. Yet, the relative contributions of positive selection on regulatory regions or other functional regulatory changes are unclear. Where are these changes located throughout the human genome? Are functional regulatory changes near genes or are they in distal enhancer regions? In this study, we experimentally combined both human and chimpanzee cis-regulatory elements (CREs) that showed either (1) signs of accelerated evolution in humans or (2) that have been shown to be active in the human brain. Using a massively parallel reporter assay, we teste

SUBMITTER: Pizzollo J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9348619 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature