Impacts of the COVID-19 on all aircraft emissions of international routes in South America.

ABSTRACT: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on South America's economic development, as well as its international civil aviation industry. This paper seeks to calculate the emissions of six pollutions (CO₂, CO, HC, NOx, SO₂, and PM2.5) from the international routes in South America during 2019-2021 and discusses the impacts of COVID-19 on the emission change. The modified BFFM2-FOA-FPM method is proposed to unify the CO₂ and non-CO₂ calculations. The calculated results' average error rate is about 5.12%. The results showed that COVID-19 affected all emissions, including the number of routes, average flight distance, aircraft configuration, the proportion of CCD phase emissions, average emissions, etc. In addition, some airlines increased t

SUBMITTER: Cui Q 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9356760 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature