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Bacterial Signal Peptides- Navigating the Journey of Proteins.

ABSTRACT: In 1971, Blobel proposed the first statement of the Signal Hypothesis which suggested that proteins have amino-terminal sequences that dictate their export and localization in the cell. A cytosolic binding factor was predicted, and later the protein conducting channel was discovered that was proposed in 1975 to align with the large ribosomal tunnel. The 1975 Signal Hypothesis also predicted that proteins targeted to different intracellular membranes would possess distinct signals and integral membrane proteins contained uncleaved signal sequences which initiate translocation of the polypeptide chain. This review summarizes the central role that the signal peptides play as address codes for proteins, their decisive role as targeting factors for delivery to the membrane and their function to activate the translocation machinery for export and membrane protein insertion. After shedding light on the navigation of proteins, the importance of removal of signal peptide and their degradation are addressed. Furthermore, the emerging work on signal peptidases as novel targets for antibiotic development is described.

SUBMITTER: Kaushik S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9360617 | biostudies-literature | 2022

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Bacterial Signal Peptides- Navigating the Journey of Proteins.

Kaushik Sharbani S He Haoze H Dalbey Ross E RE

Frontiers in physiology 20220726

In 1971, Blobel proposed the first statement of the Signal Hypothesis which suggested that proteins have amino-terminal sequences that dictate their export and localization in the cell. A cytosolic binding factor was predicted, and later the protein conducting channel was discovered that was proposed in 1975 to align with the large ribosomal tunnel. The 1975 Signal Hypothesis also predicted that proteins targeted to different intracellular membranes would possess distinct signals and integral me ...[more]

PMID: 35957980

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Project description:Background and aimsIn recent years, increased awareness of the psychological wellbeing of healthcare professionals and students has become a pressing public health issue affecting care delivery. Medical students undergo rigorous training programs that can affect their psychological wellbeing. Despite increased awareness of mental health issues among medical students, research often focuses on negative aspects, overlooking potential positive contributors to wellbeing. This study aims to explore both negative and positive factors influencing medical students' psychological wellbeing, considering coping strategies and personality traits to inform targeted support measures for diverse student needs.MethodsA mixed-methods approach was employed to investigate medical students' psychological wellbeing, coping strategies, and personality traits. Quantitative data was gathered via self-report questionnaires and analysed using regression models. Additionally, qualitative insights were obtained from semi-structured interviews and analysed thematically to capture students' perceptions and experiences.ResultsThe analysis revealed moderate to high levels of stress, anxiety, and depression among medical students, along with decreased life satisfaction. Regression analysis showed that problem-focused coping positively impacted medical students' psychological wellbeing, whereas emotion-focused and avoidance coping showed less favourable effects. Notably, problem-focused coping partially mediated the relationship between stress and depression. Furthermore, personality traits, particularly agreeableness and conscientiousness, played a pivotal role in shaping medical students' coping strategies and mental health outcomes. Based on thematic analysis, codes gave rise to three overarching themes and corresponding subthemes.ConclusionsThe study underscores the significance of addressing both positive and negative factors impacting medical students' wellbeing and highlights the need for tailored support considering individual personality traits that influence coping strategies and mental health. It also identifies challenges within medical education, emphasising the necessity for stress management programs, mental health support, and curricula promoting problem-solving skills. Prioritising medical students' wellbeing may not only foster good mental health among future professionals but may also enhance future healthcare quality.

Project description:PurposeCaregiving is a crucial but frequently overlooked part of cancer care, as well as the main emotions experienced by caregivers during that journey. This qualitative study aimed to explore the emotional landscape of informal caregivers in supporting breast cancer survivors (BCs) living with chronic pain (CP).MethodsWe conducted 3 focus groups with informal caregivers of BCs with CP. For the sentiment analysis, we used R Software and the NRC Emotion Lexicon following Plutchik's theoretical framework of emotions. The emotion spectrum was visualized using the "PyPlutchik" package in Python.ResultsCaregivers (Mage = 43.17, SD = 10.97) predominantly experienced negative emotions (n = 65; M = 0.06, SD = 0.25) compared to positive ones (n = 37; M = 0.10, SD = 0.31), with sadness (n = 46), fear (n = 43), and disgust (n = 37) being most common, alongside feelings of remorse (n = 37), despair (n = 41), and shame (n = 37). The COVID-19 pandemic, as reported by caregivers, also intensified feelings of shame, frozenness, and ambivalence. Despite more frequent negative sentiments, trust (n = 53) and hope (n = 24) were consistently expressed, indicating a complex emotional landscape where positive and negative feelings coexist.DiscussionThis study identifies the broad spectrum of emotions experienced by caregivers in the context of BCs with CP, ranging from individualistic feelings (e.g., fear, despair) to social emotions (e.g., shame, frozenness), and even includes instances of positive emotions (e.g., trust, hope). While our study highlights the emotional toll on caregivers, we suggest that future research and interventions focus more on providing effective support frameworks to manage these emotional challenges. Any discussion regarding the specific impacts of these emotional experiences on clinical outcomes (e.g., quality of life, fear of cancer recurrence) should be approached with caution.

Dataset Information

Bacterial Signal Peptides- Navigating the Journey of Proteins.

Publications

Bacterial Signal Peptides- Navigating the Journey of Proteins.

Similar Datasets

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