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Characterization and pathogenicity of infectious bursal disease virus in Southern China.

ABSTRACT: Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is a widespread pathogen that induces immunosuppression in 3 to 6-wk-old chickens, casuing great threaten to the poultry industry worldwide. Previously, the very virulent IBDV (vvIBDV) was mainly prevalent in China. In recent years, the novel variant IBDV (nvIBDV) occurred in China. In this study, we isolated 30 IBDV strains of IBDV from vaccinated chicken flocks in 8 provinces of southern China. Among these isolates, vvIBDV group (13/30) and nvIBDV group (17/30) were identified according to the genome sequencing and phylogenic analysis. Moreover, HB2021-5 and GD2021-17 have pathologic characteristics with severe bursal lesions, as evidenced by necrosis, depletion of lymphocytes, and follicle atrophy. Our findings provide an important reference for understanding the epidemiological status and the evolution of IBDV.

SUBMITTER: Chen Z

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9372626 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Characterization and pathogenicity of infectious bursal disease virus in Southern China.

Chen Zixian Z Lian Jiamin J Liang Zhishan Z Leng Mei M Lin Wencheng W Chen Feng F

Poultry science 20220620 10

Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is a widespread pathogen that induces immunosuppression in 3 to 6-wk-old chickens, casuing great threaten to the poultry industry worldwide. Previously, the very virulent IBDV (vvIBDV) was mainly prevalent in China. In recent years, the novel variant IBDV (nvIBDV) occurred in China. In this study, we isolated 30 IBDV strains of IBDV from vaccinated chicken flocks in 8 provinces of southern China. Among these isolates, vvIBDV group (13/30) and nvIBDV group ( ...[more]

PMID: 35952600

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Pathogenicity and molecular characterization of infectious bursal disease virus in China.

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Project description:Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is a highly contagious dsRNA virus (Birnaviridae) which causes immuno-suppression in chickens. Although largely controlled by vaccination, new, virulent strains of the virus mean that infectious bursal disease (IBD or ëGumboroí disease) still remains a threat to the poultry industry. The virus infects dividing IgM+ B-lymphocytes and the main site of viral replication is the bursa of Fabricius where B cells are produced. Infection is spread orally via contaminated feed and water. IBDV affects young birds, with the disease usually being diagnosed in 3-6 week old birds. Younger birds do not show clinical signs but are immuno-suppressed. Symptoms include anorexia, depression, diahorrea, ruffled feathers, immuno-suppression and bursal lesions. The disease peaks between 2-5 days post infection and is practically cleared by day 7. Mortality is variable but can be up to around 70% with very virulent strains of the disease. Even if birds survive, the resulting immuno-suppression and effect on egg production in layer birds is significant. Being able to breed commercial lines of birds for enhanced genetic resistance to IBDV is an obvious goal in the fight against the disease. Three-week-old chicks were inoculated with virus via an intra-nasal route and tissue samples were collected at 2, 3 and 4 days post-inoculation. Bursa and spleen tissues were examined from control and infected birds at 2, 3 and 4 days post-infection in birds known to be either susceptible or resistant to the virus. As well as understanding the host immune response to IBDV, we are interested in identifying genes involved in disease resistance and so we have analysed the gene expression profiles at these times, when the innate immune response is active. We assume that genes underlying resistance will be involved at this early stage of the host immune response.

2014-12-30 | E-TABM-1129 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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Project description:Infectious bursal disease virus is an immunosuppressive pathogen that, despite applied vaccination, is affecting the poultry industry worldwide. This report presents the genetic and pathotypic characterization of a natural reassortant emerging in Europe (Latvia). Genetic characterization showed that strain 25/11/Latvia/2011 represents genotype A3B1, whose segment A is derived from very virulent strains, while segment B is from the classic-like genogroup. Phylogenetic maximum likelihood inference of the B-segment sequence clustered the reassortant strain together with the US antigenic variant E strain. However, the obtained full-length sequence of 25/11/Latvia/2011 revealed that not only reassortment but also dozens of mutations shaped the unique genetic makeup. Phenotypic characterization showed no mortality and no clinical signs of disease but a severe bursa of Fabricius atrophy and splenomegaly in the convalescent birds at 10 days post infection. The results obtained indicate that the acquired genetic constellation contributed to a decrease in virulence; nevertheless, the infection causes severe damage to lymphoid organs, which can lead to impaired immune responses.

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Project description:Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is a non-enveloped, bi-segmented double-stranded RNA virus and the causative agent of a poultry immunosuppressive disease known as infectious bursal disease (IBD). The novel variant IBDV (nVarIBDV) recently posed a great threat to the development of the poultry industry. In this study, we identified a novel segment-reassortant IBDV strain, IBDV-JS19-14701 (Genotype A2dB3). Phylogenic analysis showed that Segments A and B of IBDV-JS19-14701 were derived from emerging nVarIBDV (Genotype A2dB1) and long-prevalent HLJ0504-like strains (Genotype A3B3) in China, respectively. The pathogenicity of IBDV-JS19-14701 was further evaluated via animal experiments. IBDV-JS19-14701 exhibited a similar virulence to chickens with the nVarIBDV. The identification of this reassortment event is beneficial for understanding the epidemiology of nVarIBDV and will contribute to the efficient prevention and control of IBD.

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