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Circular RNAs in diabetes mellitus and its complications.

ABSTRACT: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an endocrine disorder characterized by a relative or absolute lack of insulin due to the dysfunction or destruction of β-cells. DM is one of the fastest growing challenges to global health in the 21^st century and places a tremendous burden on affected individuals and their families and countries. Although insulin and antidiabetic drugs have been used to treat DM, a radical cure for the disease is unavailable. The pathogenesis of DM remains unclear. Emerging roles of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in DM have become a subject of global research. CircRNAs have been verified to participate in the onset and progression of DM, implying their potential roles as novel biomarkers and treatment tools. In the present review, we briefly introduce the characteristics of circRNAs. Next, we focus on specific roles of circRNAs in type 1 diabetes mellitus, type 2 diabetes mellitus, gestational diabetes mellitus and diabetes-associated complications.

SUBMITTER: Fan W

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9376240 | biostudies-literature | 2022

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Circular RNAs in diabetes mellitus and its complications.

Fan Wenqi W Pang Haipeng H Xie Zhiguo Z Huang Gan G Zhou Zhiguang Z

Frontiers in endocrinology 20220801

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an endocrine disorder characterized by a relative or absolute lack of insulin due to the dysfunction or destruction of β-cells. DM is one of the fastest growing challenges to global health in the 21<sup>st</sup> century and places a tremendous burden on affected individuals and their families and countries. Although insulin and antidiabetic drugs have been used to treat DM, a radical cure for the disease is unavailable. The pathogenesis of DM remains unclear. Emerging r ...[more]

PMID: 35979435

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Project description:Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are an abundant class of endogenous non‑coding RNAs and are associated with numerous diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the association between circRNAs and inflammation or inflammatory cytokines in patients with T2DM remains to be fully elucidated. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the expression profiles of circRNAs in peripheral leucocytes of patients with T2DM and their association with inflammatory cytokines. Peripheral blood from patients with T2DM (n=43) and healthy individuals (n=45) were collected for RNA sequencing and later verification. Reverse transcription‑polymerase chain reaction (RT‑PCR) and reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR) analyses were used to detect the expression levels of circRNAs. The expression of inflammatory factors, including interleukin (IL)‑1, (IL)‑6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‑α were measured via enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay. Furthermore, the mRNA expression level of ankyrin repeat domain 36 (ANKRD36), a protein located at 2q11.2 that interacts with the GAPDH gene, was measured using RT‑qPCR analysis. The circRNA/microRNA (miRNA) interaction was predicted using RegRNA and mirPath software. In total, 220 circRNAs were found to be differentially expressed between patients with T2DM and healthy individuals, of which 107 were upregulated and 113 were downregulated. Among the nine selected circRNAs, circANKRD36 was significantly upregulated in patients with T2DM compared with control subjects (P=0.02). The expression level of circANKRD36 was positively correlated with glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin (r=0.3250, P=0.0047 and r=0.3171, P=0.0056, respectively). The expression level of IL‑6 was significantly different between the T2DM group and control group (P=0.028) and was positively correlated with circANKRD36. The difference of circANKRD36 host gene expression between patients with T2DM and healthy controls was significant (P=0.04). Taken together, circANKRD36 may be involved in T2DM and inflammation‑associated pathways via interaction with miRNAs, including hsa‑miR‑3614‑3p, hsa‑miR‑498, and hsa‑miR‑501‑5p. The expression of circANKRD36 was up-regulated in peripheral blood leucocytes and was correlated with chronic inflammation in T2DM. Therefore, circANKRD36 can be used as a potential biomarker for screening chronic inflammation in patients with T2DM.

Dataset Information

Circular RNAs in diabetes mellitus and its complications.

Publications

Circular RNAs in diabetes mellitus and its complications.

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