Dataset Information

Longitudinal Immune Response to Three Doses of mRNA Vaccine Against COVID-19 in Pediatric Patients Receiving Chemotherapy for Cancer.

ABSTRACT: Our study in 21 pediatric cancer patients demonstrates that three doses of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine (BioNTech/Pfizer) elicited both humoral and cellular immunity in most patients during chemotherapy. Immunity was stronger in children with solid tumors and during maintenance therapy compared to those with hematological malignancies or during intensive chemotherapy.

SUBMITTER: Lehrnbecher T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9384602 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Longitudinal Immune Response to 3 Doses of Messenger RNA Vaccine Against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Pediatric Patients Receiving Chemotherapy for Cancer.

Lehrnbecher Thomas T Sack Ulrich U Speckmann Carsten C Groll Andreas H AH Boldt Andreas A Siebald Benjamin B Hettmer Simone S Demmerath Eva-Maria EM Reemtsma Judith J Schenk Barbara B Ciesek Sandra S Ciesek Sandra S Klusmann Jan-Henning JH Jassoy Christian C Hoehl Sebastian S

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 20230201 3

Our study in 21 pediatric cancer patients demonstrates that 3 doses of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) messenger RNA vaccine (BioNTech/Pfizer) elicited both humoral and cellular immunity in most patients during chemotherapy. Immunity was stronger in children with solid tumors and during maintenance therapy compared to those with hematological malignancies or during intensive chemotherapy. Clinical Trials Registration.ȃGerman Registry for Clinical Trials (DRKS00025254 ...[more]

PMID: 35901198

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Project description:Confronted with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants, such as Delta and Omicron, with high infectivity and immune evasion capacity, vaccination remains the most effective tool to prevent infection and severe illness. However, heterologous vaccination of mRNA vaccines primed with protein subunit vaccines had not been evaluated before the current study. Since subunit vaccine MVC-COV1901 (MVC) has been granted emergency use authorization in Taiwan, in this study, we explored the humoral and cellular immune responses to additional third (2× MVC/Mod) and fourth (2× MVC/2× Mod) doses of mRNA-1273 (Mod) after priming with two doses of subunit vaccine MVC against the emerging variants. We found a 12.3- to 16.1-fold increase in antibodies targeting the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the Delta variant with 2× MVC/Mod compared to two doses of MVC (2× MVC) or AZD1222 (2× AZ) regimens and a 26- to 32.2-fold improvement in neutralizing potency against the Omicron variant (BA.1). Besides, the numbers of gamma interferon (IFN-γ)-secreting T cells induced by 2× MVC/Mod were also elevated 3.5-fold and 3.7- to 4.3-fold for the wild type and Delta variant. However, boosting with a fourth dose of Mod (2× MVC/2× Mod) after the 2× MVC/Mod regimen failed to significantly improve the immune responses. Moreover, all vaccination schedules showed reduced neutralizing activity against the Omicron variant. Collectively, our results suggested that the third or fourth dose booster vaccination with mRNA vaccine after priming with two doses of protein subunit vaccine could elicit stronger humoral and cellular immune responses. These findings could provide a future global heterologous boosting strategy against COVID-19. IMPORTANCE Vaccination is the most important strategy to combat the COVID-19 outbreak; however, it remains to be determined whether heterologous prime-boost regimens could induce equal or even stronger immune responses against SARS-CoV-2. Here, we showed that boosting the additional doses of mRNA-1273 (Mod) priming with two doses of MVC-COV1901 (MVC) (2× MVC/Mod) improved humoral and cellular immunity compared to two doses of AZD1222 (2× AZ) or MVC (2× MVC) against SARS-CoV-2 variants. However, the Omicron variant showed strong immune evasion ability for all vaccination schedules. Our findings provided evidence supporting that heterologous vaccination by boosting with mRNA vaccine after priming with two doses of protein subunit vaccine could strongly promote humoral and cellular immune responses against the emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.

Dataset Information

Longitudinal Immune Response to Three Doses of mRNA Vaccine Against COVID-19 in Pediatric Patients Receiving Chemotherapy for Cancer.

Publications

Longitudinal Immune Response to 3 Doses of Messenger RNA Vaccine Against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Pediatric Patients Receiving Chemotherapy for Cancer.

Similar Datasets

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