Multiple myeloma: 2022 update on diagnosis, risk stratification, and management.

ABSTRACT:

Disease overview

Multiple myeloma accounts for approximately 10% of hematologic malignancies.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis requires ≥10% clonal bone marrow plasma cells or a biopsy-proven plasmacytoma plus evidence of one or more multiple myeloma defining events (MDE): CRAB (hypercalcemia, renal failure, anemia, or lytic bone lesions) attributable to the plasma cell disorder, bone marrow clonal plasmacytosis ≥60%, serum involved/uninvolved free light chain (FLC) ratio ≥ 100 (provided involved FLC is ≥100 mg/L), or >1 focal lesion on magnetic resonance imaging.

Risk stratification

The presence of del(17p), t(4;14), t(14;16), t(14;20), gain 1q, or p53 mutation is considered high-risk multiple myeloma. The presence of any two high risk factors is considered double-hit myeloma

SUBMITTER: Rajkumar SV 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9387011 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature