Myeloid cell tropism enables MHC-E-restricted CD8⁺ T cell priming and vaccine efficacy by the RhCMV/SIV vaccine.

ABSTRACT: The strain 68-1 rhesus cytomegalovirus (RhCMV)-based vaccine for simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) can stringently protect rhesus macaques (RMs) from SIV challenge by arresting viral replication early in primary infection. This vaccine elicits unconventional SIV-specific CD8⁺ T cells that recognize epitopes presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-II and MHC-E instead of MHC-Ia. Although RhCMV/SIV vaccines based on strains that only elicit MHC-II- and/or MHC-Ia-restricted CD8⁺ T cells do not protect against SIV, it remains unclear whether MHC-E-restricted T cells are directly responsible for protection and whether these responses can be separated from the MHC-II-restricted component. Using host microRNA (miR)-mediated vector tropism restriction, we show t

SUBMITTER: Hansen SG 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9387538 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature